Evidence map›Paper›PMID 21997383›Full record

ReviewCellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS2012

Metabolic syndrome as a risk factor for neurological disorders.

Akhlaq A Farooqui, Tahira Farooqui, Francesco Panza, Vincenza Frisardi

Open access · greenAbstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 75 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
75citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
6.5field-weighted citation impact, top 2% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

75 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 201 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Review
  3. Article
  4. Metabolic Syndrome and Dementia Risk in Older Adults: A Narrative Review.The Kaohsiung journal of medical sciences · 2026
    Review
  5. Review
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Conditioned Medium of BMSCs Alleviates HMolecular neurobiology · 2025
    Article
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. Review
  15. Alpha-neurexins in health and disease.Frontiers in molecular neuroscience · 2025
    Review
  16. Review
  17. Article
  18. Review
  19. Review
  20. Article

15 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.

Akhlaq A FarooquiDepartment of Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43221, USA. farooqui.1@osu.edu
Tahira Farooqui
Francesco Panza
Vincenza Frisardi
The Ohio State University · USCasa Sollievo della Sofferenza · ITIstituti di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico · IT

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The metabolic syndrome is a cluster of common pathologies: abdominal obesity linked to an excess of visceral fat, insulin resistance, dyslipidemia and hypertension. At the molecular level, metabolic syndrome is accompanied not only by dysregulation in the expression of adipokines (cytokines and chemokines), but also by alterations in levels of leptin, a peptide hormone released by white adipose tissue. These changes modulate immune response and inflammation that lead to alterations in the hypothalamic 'bodyweight/appetite/satiety set point,' resulting in the initiation and development of metabolic syndrome. Metabolic syndrome is a risk factor for neurological disorders such as stroke, depression and Alzheimer's disease. The molecular mechanism underlying the mirror relationship between metabolic syndrome and neurological disorders is not fully understood. However, it is becoming increasingly evident that all cellular and biochemical alterations observed in metabolic syndrome like impairment of endothelial cell function, abnormality in essential fatty acid metabolism and alterations in lipid mediators along with abnormal insulin/leptin signaling may represent a pathological bridge between metabolic syndrome and neurological disorders such as stroke, Alzheimer's disease and depression. The purpose of this review is not only to describe the involvement of brain in the pathogenesis of metabolic syndrome, but also to link the pathogenesis of metabolic syndrome with neurochemical changes in stroke, Alzheimer's disease and depression to a wider audience of neuroscientists with the hope that this discussion will initiate more studies on the relationship between metabolic syndrome and neurological disorders.

Indexed as

AdipokinesCannabinoid Receptor ModulatorsCeramidesHumansInsulinInsulin ResistanceLeptinLipid MetabolismMetabolic SyndromeNervous System DiseasesRisk FactorsAdipokinesCannabinoid Receptor ModulatorsCeramidesInsulinLeptin

Identifiers

PMID21997383
PMCPMC11115054
OpenAlexW2079869295

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.