ArticleDevelopmental and comparative immunology2012
Shark class II invariant chain reveals ancient conserved relationships with cathepsins and MHC class II.
Article in Developmental and comparative immunology, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed, 37 citations in OpenAlex.
- Some thoughts about what non-mammalian jawed vertebrates are telling us about antigen processing and peptide loading of MHC molecules.Current opinion in immunology · 2022Review
- Antigen Presentation and Autophagy in Teleost Adaptive Immunity.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Review
- A Highly Complex, MHC-Linked, 350 Million-Year-Old Shark Nonclassical Class I Lineage.Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) · 2021Article
- Lost structural and functional inter-relationships between Ig and TCR loci in mammals revealed in sharks.Immunogenetics · 2021Review
- Cartilaginous fish class II genes reveal unprecedented old allelic lineages and confirm the late evolutionary emergence of DM.Molecular immunology · 2020Article
- A Broad Role for Cysteines in Bovine Antibody Diversity.ImmunoHorizons · 2019Article
- Ancient Use of Ig Variable Domains Contributes Significantly to the TCRδ Repertoire.Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) · 2019Article
- Identification and characterization of the lamprey cathepsin genes.Immunogenetics · 2019Article
- Review
- Ancient features of the MHC class II presentation pathway, and a model for the possible origin of MHC molecules.Immunogenetics · 2019Review
- Immunogenetic factors driving formation of ultralong VH CDR3 in Bos taurus antibodies.Cellular & molecular immunology · 2019Article
- A cold-blooded view of adaptive immunity.Nature reviews. Immunology · 2018Review
- Somatic hypermutation of T cell receptor α chain contributes to selection in nurse shark thymus.eLife · 2018Article
- Class II major histocompatibility complex mutant mice to study the germ-line bias of T-cell antigen receptors.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2016Article
- Comprehensive analysis of medaka major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II genes: implications for evolution in teleosts.Immunogenetics · 2013Article
- Noncoordinate expression of J-chain and Blimp-1 define nurse shark plasma cell populations during ontogeny.European journal of immunology · 2013Article
- Fifty shades of immune defense.PLoS pathogens · 2013Article
- Tripping on acid: trans-kingdom perspectives on biological acids in immunity and pathogenesis.PLoS pathogens · 2013Review
- T cells and their eons-old obsession with MHC.Immunological reviews · 2012Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
The invariant chain (Ii) is the critical third chain required for the MHC class II heterodimer to be properly guided through the cell, loaded with peptide, and expressed on the surface of antigen presenting cells. Here, we report the isolation of the nurse shark Ii gene, and the comparative analysis of Ii splice variants, expression, genomic organization, predicted structure, and function throughout vertebrate evolution. Alternative splicing to yield Ii with and without the putative protease-protective, thyroglobulin-like domain is as ancient as the MHC-based adaptive immune system, as our analyses in shark and lizard further show conservation of this mechanism in all vertebrate classes except bony fish. Remarkable coordinate expression of Ii and class II was found in shark tissues. Conserved Ii residues and cathepsin L orthologs suggest their long co-evolution in the antigen presentation pathway, and genomic analyses suggest 450 million years of conserved Ii exon/intron structure. Other than an extended linker preceding the thyroglobulin-like domain in cartilaginous fish, the Ii gene and protein are predicted to have largely similar physiology from shark to man. Duplicated Ii genes found only in teleosts appear to have become sub-functionalized, as one form is predicted to play the same role as that mediated by Ii mRNA alternative splicing in all other vertebrate classes. No Ii homologs or potential ancestors of any of the functional Ii domains were found in the jawless fish or lower chordates.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.