Evidence map›Paper›PMID 21995338›Full record

ArticleBiochemistry2011

Lactose permease and the alternating access mechanism.

Irina Smirnova, Vladimir Kasho, H Ronald Kaback

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Biochemistry, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 72 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
72citing papers in PubMed
15.3field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

72 citing papers in PubMed, 109 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
  2. Allosteric effects of the coupling cation in melibiose transporter MelB.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025
    Article
  3. Review
  4. Review
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Article
  11. AspThe Journal of biological chemistry · 2020
    Article
  12. The proton electrochemical gradient induces a kinetic asymmetry in the symport cycle of LacY.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2020
    Article
  13. It takes two to tango: The dance of the permease.The Journal of general physiology · 2019
    Review
  14. Article
  15. Mentors: Ron Kaback.The Journal of general physiology · 2019
    Article
  16. Engineered occluded apo-intermediate of LacY.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2018
    Article
  17. Structural elements required for coupling ion and substrate transport in the neurotransmitter transporter homolog LeuT.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2018
    Article
  18. Oversized galactosides as a probe for conformational dynamics in LacY.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2018
    Article
  19. Article
  20. Ligand-induced conformational dynamics of theProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2017
    Article

12 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Irina SmirnovaDepartment of Physiology and Department of Microbiology, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States.
Vladimir Kasho
H Ronald Kaback
University of California, Los Angeles · US

Funding

Yeast ExpressionP50GM073210 · NIGMS · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO · PI STROUD, ROBERT M · 2004 to 2013
$21.5M
SPECIALIZED CENTER FOR THE PROTEIN STRUCTURE INITIATIVEU54GM074929 · NIGMS · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO · PI REIK, ROLAND · 2005 to 2009
$16.6M
NEW APPROACHES TO MEMBRANE PROTEIN STRUCTURESR01DK051131 · NIDDK · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA LOS ANGELES · PI KABACK, HOWARD RONALD · 1996 to 2014
$5.2M
Structural Basis for Mechanism of Secondary TransportersR01DK069463 · NIDDK · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA LOS ANGELES · PI KABACK, HOWARD RONALD · 2005 to 2013
$3.7M
Structural Basis for Mechanism of Secondary TransportersR56DK069463 · NIDDK · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA LOS ANGELES · PI KABACK, HOWARD RONALD · 2009 to 2009
$500k
NIDDK NIH HHS DK051131NIDDK NIH HHS DK069463NIDDK NIH HHS R01 DK051131NIDDK NIH HHS R01 DK069463NIDDK NIH HHS R56 DK069463NIGMS NIH HHS GM073210NIGMS NIH HHS GM074929NIGMS NIH HHS P50 GM073210NIGMS NIH HHS U54 GM074929
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Crystal structures of the lactose permease of Escherichia coli (LacY) reveal 12, mostly irregular transmembrane α-helices surrounding a large cavity open to the cytoplasm and a tightly sealed periplasmic side (inward-facing conformation) with the sugar-binding site at the apex of the cavity and inaccessible from the periplasm. However, LacY is highly dynamic, and binding of a galactopyranoside causes closing of the inward-facing cavity with opening of a complementary outward-facing cavity. Therefore, the coupled, electrogenic translocation of a sugar and a proton across the cytoplasmic membrane via LacY very likely involves a global conformational change that allows alternating access of sugar- and H(+)-binding sites to either side of the membrane. Here the various biochemical and biophysical approaches that provide strong support for the alternating access mechanism are reviewed. Evidence is also presented indicating that opening of the periplasmic cavity is probably the limiting step for binding and perhaps transport.

Indexed as

AlkylationBinding SitesCross-Linking ReagentsCrystallography, X-RayEscherichia coliEscherichia coli ProteinsFluorescence Resonance Energy TransferGalactosidesModels, MolecularMolecular Dynamics SimulationMonosaccharide Transport ProteinsMutagenesis, Site-DirectedProtein ConformationRecombinant ProteinsSpectrometry, FluorescenceStatic ElectricityCross-Linking ReagentsEscherichia coli ProteinsGalactosidesLacY protein, E coliMonosaccharide Transport ProteinsRecombinant ProteinsSymportersTryptophan

Identifiers

PMID21995338
PMCPMC3210931
OpenAlexW2060335799

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.