Evidence map›Paper›PMID 21994801›Full record

ReviewViruses2011

Mechanisms and factors that influence high frequency retroviral recombination.

Krista Delviks-Frankenberry, Andrea Galli, Olga Nikolaitchik, Helene Mens, Vinay K Pathak, Wei-Shau Hu

Open access · goldAbstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Viruses, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 41 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
41citing papers in PubMed
2.4field-weighted citation impact, top 12% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

41 citing papers in PubMed, 87 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Review
  5. De novo gene synthesis by an antiviral reverse transcriptase.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2024
    Article
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  8. Article
  9. Review
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  12. Review
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  17. Review
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.

Krista Delviks-FrankenberryViral Mutation Section, HIV Drug Resistance Program, National Cancer Institute at Frederick, Frederick, MD 21702, USA.
Andrea GalliViral Recombination Section, HIV Drug Resistance Program, National Cancer Institute at Frederick, Frederick, MD 21702, USA.
Olga NikolaitchikViral Recombination Section, HIV Drug Resistance Program, National Cancer Institute at Frederick, Frederick, MD 21702, USA.
Helene MensDepartment of Epidemic Diseases, Rigshospitalet, København 2100, Denmark.
Vinay K PathakViral Mutation Section, HIV Drug Resistance Program, National Cancer Institute at Frederick, Frederick, MD 21702, USA.
Wei-Shau HuViral Recombination Section, HIV Drug Resistance Program, National Cancer Institute at Frederick, Frederick, MD 21702, USA.
Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research · USRigshospitalet · DK

Funding

Understanding Retroviral Reverse Transcription, Recombination, and ReplicationZIABC010504 · NCI · DIVISION OF BASIC SCIENCES - NCI · PI HU, WEI-SHAU · 2009 to 2025
$5.3M
Intramural NIH HHS
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

With constantly changing environmental selection pressures, retroviruses rely upon recombination to reassort polymorphisms in their genomes and increase genetic diversity, which improves the chances for the survival of their population. Recombination occurs during DNA synthesis, whereby reverse transcriptase undergoes template switching events between the two copackaged RNAs, resulting in a viral recombinant with portions of the genetic information from each parental RNA. This review summarizes our current understanding of the factors and mechanisms influencing retroviral recombination, fidelity of the recombination process, and evaluates the subsequent viral diversity and fitness of the progeny recombinant. Specifically, the high mutation rates and high recombination frequencies of HIV-1 will be analyzed for their roles in influencing HIV-1 global diversity, as well as HIV-1 diagnosis, drug treatment, and vaccine development.

Indexed as

DNA ReplicationRecombination, GeneticDNA, ViralGenetic VariationGenome, ViralHIV-1HIV InfectionsHumansMutation RateRetroviridaeRNA, ViralVirus ReplicationDNA, ViralRNA, ViralHIV-1recombinationretrovirus

Identifiers

PMID21994801
PMCPMC3187697
OpenAlexW1995808663

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.