ReviewViruses2011
HTLV-3/STLV-3 and HTLV-4 viruses: discovery, epidemiology, serology and molecular aspects.
Review in Viruses, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 43 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
43 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 86 citations in OpenAlex.
- Seroprevalence of HTLV-1 and HTLV-2 amongst mothers and children in Malawi within the context of a systematic review and meta-analysis of HTLV seroprevalence in Africa.Tropical medicine & international health : TM & IH · 2016Pooled it
- Gammaretrovirus Infections in Humans in the Past, Present, and Future: Have We Defeated the Pathogen?Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Quarantine-associated viral pathogens in non-human primates: pathobiology, diagnostic surveillance, control strategies, and one health implications.Frontiers in veterinary science · 2026Review
- Human T-Lymphotropic Virus (HTLV): Epidemiology, Genetic, Pathogenesis, and Future Challenges.Viruses · 2025Review
- Novel approaches for HTLV-1 therapy: innovative applications of CRISPR-Cas9.Revista do Instituto de Medicina Tropical de Sao Paulo · 2024Review
- Article
- Milk Transmission of Mammalian Retroviruses.Microorganisms · 2023Review
- Epidemiological Survey and Risk Factor Analysis of 14 Potential Pathogens in Golden Snub-Nosed Monkeys at Shennongjia National Nature Reserve, China.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- A Panel of Eight miRNAs Is Deregulated in HTLV-2 Infected PBMCs and BJABGu Cell Line.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Article
- A New Flow Cytometry-Based Single Platform for Universal and Differential Serodiagnosis of HTLV-1/2 Infection.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Article
- A novel high performing multiplex immunoassay Multi-HTLV for serological confirmation and typing of HTLV infections.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2021Article
- Contemporary Distribution, Estimated Age, and Prehistoric Migrations of Old World Monkey Retroviruses.Epidemiologia (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Review
- Seroprevalence and Trends of HTLV-1/2 among Blood Donors of Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic, 2012-2017.Revista espanola de quimioterapia : publicacion oficial de la Sociedad Espanola de Quimioterapia · 2021Article
- Distribution of Human Immunodeficiency Virus and Human T-Leukemia Virus Co-infection in Bahia, Brazil.Frontiers in medicine · 2021Article
- An Update on Antiretroviral Therapy.Advances in experimental medicine and biology · 2021Article
- HTLV screening of blood donors using chemiluminescence immunoassay in three major provincial blood centers of China.BMC infectious diseases · 2020Article
- Functional properties and sequence variation of HTLV-1 p13.Retrovirology · 2020Review
- Molecular biology of human T cell leukemia virus.Seminars in diagnostic pathology · 2020Review
- A tug-of-war between severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 and host antiviral defence: lessons from other pathogenic viruses.Emerging microbes & infections · 2020Review
- Line Immunoassay for Confirmation and Discrimination of Human T-Cell Lymphotropic Virus Infections in Inconclusive Western Blot Serum Samples from Brazil.Journal of clinical microbiology · 2019Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Human T cell leukemia/lymphoma virus Type 1 and 2 (HTLV-1 and HTLV-2), together with their simian counterparts (STLV-1, STLV-2), belong to the Primate T lymphotropic viruses group (PTLV). The high percentage of homologies between HTLV-1 and STLV-1 strains, led to the demonstration that most HTLV-1 subtypes arose from interspecies transmission between monkeys and humans. STLV-3 viruses belong to the third PTLV type and are equally divergent from both HTLV-1 and HTLV-2. They are endemic in several monkey species that live in West, Central and East Africa. In 2005, we, and others reported the discovery of the human homolog (HTLV-3) of STLV-3 in two asymptomatic inhabitants from South Cameroon whose sera exhibited HTLV indeterminate serologies. More recently, two other cases of HTLV-3 infection in persons living in Cameroon were reported suggesting that this virus is not extremely rare in the human population living in Central Africa. Together with STLV-3, these human viral strains belong to the PTLV-3 group. A fourth HTLV type (HTLV-4) was also discovered in the same geographical area. The overall PTLV-3 and PTLV-4 genomic organization is similar to that of HTLV-1 and HTLV-2 with the exception of their long terminal repeats (LTRs) that contain only two 21 bp repeats. As in HTLV-1, HTLV-3 Tax contains a PDZ binding motif while HTLV-4 does not. An antisense transcript was also described in HTLV-3 transfected cells. PTLV-3 molecular clones are now available and will allow scientists to study the viral cycle, the tropism and the possible pathogenicity in vivo. Current studies are also aimed at determining the prevalence, distribution, and modes of transmission of these viruses, as well as their possible association with human diseases. Here we will review the characteristics of these new simian and human retroviruses, whose discovery has opened new avenues of research in the retrovirology field.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.