ReviewViruses2011
Pattern recognition receptors and the innate immune response to viral infection.
Review in Viruses, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 485 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
485 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- The potential of IFN-λ, IL-32γ, IL-6, and IL-22 as safeguards against human viruses: a systematic review and a meta-analysis.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Pooled it
- Transcriptomics-driven antiviral drug screening identifies ATF6 as a homeostatic regulator of ER stress and innate immunity.Journal of advanced research · 2026Article
- Review
- One virus-many strategies: type-specific interactions between human adenoviruses and innate immunity.Journal of virology · 2026Review
- Type I IFN dynamics orchestrate protective ICAM1iScience · 2026Article
- Enhancing Lipid Nanoparticle-Mediated Circular RNA and mRNA Expression in the Placenta through Inhibition of IFNAR-JAK-STAT Signaling.Nano letters · 2026Article
- The Modulatory Role of Vitamin D in the Molecular Mechanisms of Sepsis and Infections with Focus on Viral Pathogenesis: A Narrative Review.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- cGAS-STING as a Neuroimmune Traffic Molecule: Unraveling Pathogenic Mechanisms and Therapeutic Potential in Neurological Disorders.Journal of neuroimmune pharmacology : the official journal of the Society on NeuroImmune Pharmacology · 2026Review
- Cell type-dependent induction of type I interferon and PARP1 activation in astrocytes and neurons during chikungunya virus infection.Microbiology spectrum · 2026Article
- ALOX15 orchestrates mitochondrial antiviral immunity and serves as a host target for anti-influenza therapy.Nature immunology · 2026Article
- Duck plague virus US2 promotes p62-mediated autophagic degradation of RIG-I to suppress antiviral signaling.Poultry science · 2026Article
- Mechanisms and Determinants of CMV Reactivation in Kidney Transplantation.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- ZFP36 Family Proteins as Critical Regulators of Inflammation, Immune Cell Development, and Antiviral Responses.Vaccines · 2026Review
- In silico design and evaluation of a multi-epitope vaccine targeting eyach virus for the prevention of tick-borne encephalitis in humans.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Emerging viral infections: role of flavivirus NS1-mediated rewiring of PRR signaling.European cytokine network · 2026Review
- TRIM21 induces selective autophagy of viruses and bacteria.Molecular cell · 2026Article
- A self-amplifying RNA vector based on rubella virus for mRNA therapeutics and vaccine applications.Molecular therapy. Nucleic acids · 2026Article
- Reprogramming innate immunity through viral interference: A double-edged strategy for enhancing and containing gene therapies.Molecular therapy. Nucleic acids · 2026Review
- Dual Functionality of miRNAs During HIV Infection: From Viral Genome Suppression to Immune Response Modulation.Epigenomes · 2026Review
- Divergent immunometabolic landscapes of chicken and swan goose identify SERPINF2 as a novel restriction factor for influenza A virus.Virology journal · 2026Article
425 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The innate immune response to viral pathogens is critical in order to mobilize protective immunity. Cells of the innate immune system detect viral infection largely through germline-encoded pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) present either on the cell surface or within distinct intracellular compartments. These include the Toll-like receptors (TLRs), the retinoic acid-inducble gene I-like receptors (RLRs), the nucleotide oligomerization domain-like receptors (NLRs, also called NACHT, LRR and PYD domain proteins) and cytosolic DNA sensors. While in certain cases viral proteins are the trigger of these receptors, the predominant viral activators are nucleic acids. The presence of viral sensing PRRs in multiple cellular compartments allows innate cells to recognize and quickly respond to a broad range of viruses, which replicate in different cellular compartments. Here, we review the role of PRRs and associated signaling pathways in detecting viral pathogens in order to evoke production of interferons and cytokines. By highlighting recent progress in these areas, we hope to convey a greater understanding of how viruses activate PRR signaling and how this interaction shapes the anti-viral immune response.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.