Evidence map›Paper›PMID 21993392›Full record

ArticleCell death & disease2011

Drug-induced permeabilization of parasite's digestive vacuole is a key trigger of programmed cell death in Plasmodium falciparum.

J-H Ch'ng, K Liew, A S-P Goh, E Sidhartha, K S-W Tan

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Cell death & disease, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 32 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
32citing papers in PubMed
3.8field-weighted citation impact, top 8% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

32 citing papers in PubMed, 53 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
  2. Arylmethylamino steroid compound 1o interferes withAntimicrobial agents and chemotherapy · 2025
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  4. Chloroquine induces eryptosis inFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2025
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  5. Cell Death ofPathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024
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  6. Review
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  8. Calcium in the Backstage of Malaria Parasite Biology.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2021
    Review
  9. Methods Used to Investigate theFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2021
    Review
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Mode of action of quinoline antimalarial drugs in red blood cells infected byProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2019
    Article
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  14. Evidence-based complementary and alternative medicine : eCAM · 2019
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  19. Article
  20. Subverting lysosomal function inMicrobial cell (Graz, Austria) · 2015
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

J-H Ch'ngDepartment of Microbiology, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.
K Liew
A S-P Goh
E Sidhartha
K S-W Tan
National University of Singapore · SGNational Centre for Infectious Diseases · SG

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Having previously characterized chloroquine (CQ)-induced programmed cell death (PCD) hallmarks in the malaria parasite Plasmodium falciparum and delineating a pathway linking these features, the roles of non-classical mediators were investigated in this paper. It was shown that the later stages of this pathway are Ca(2+)-dependent and transcriptionally regulated. Moreover, it was demonstrated for the first time that micromolar concentrations of CQ partially permeabilized the parasite's digestive vacuole (DV) membrane and that this important upstream event appears to precede mitochondrial dysfunction. This permeabilization of the DV occurred without rupture of the DV membrane and was reminiscent of lysosome-mediated cell death in mammalian cells. As such micromolar concentrations of CQ are found in the patient's plasma after initial CQ loading, this alludes to a clinically relevant antimalarial mechanism of the drug which has yet to be recognized. Furthermore, other 'non-antimalarial' lysosomotropic compounds were also shown to cause DV permeabilization, triggering PCD in both CQ-sensitive and -resistant parasites. These findings present new avenues for antimalarial developments, which induce DV destabilization to kill parasites.

Indexed as

AnimalsAntimalarialsChloroquineDose-Response Relationship, DrugMembrane Potential, MitochondrialMicroscopy, ElectronPlasmodium falciparumProtein Array AnalysisSignal TransductionVacuolesAntimalarialsChloroquine

Identifiers

PMID21993392
PMCPMC3219093
OpenAlexW2065348448

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.