Evidence map›Paper›PMID 21992956›Full record

ReviewJournal of clinical gastroenterology2011

Probiotics in clostridium difficile Infection.

Xi Na, Ciaran Kelly

Open access · greenAbstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Journal of clinical gastroenterology, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 30 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
30citing papers in PubMed
5.0field-weighted citation impact, top 4% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

30 citing papers in PubMed, 85 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Trial
  2. Review
  3. Article
  4. Microorganisms · 2026
    Article
  5. Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2025
    Observational
  6. Review
  7. Anti-Cariogenic Effects ofPharmaceutics · 2024
    Article
  8. Probiotics for Prevention and Treatment of Clostridium difficile Infection.Advances in experimental medicine and biology · 2024
    Article
  9. Article
  10. Review
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Successful use of early, repeat fecal microbiota transplantation for initial treatment of severe, refractory Clostridioides difficile colitis.American journal of health-system pharmacy : AJHP : official journal of the American Society of Health-System Pharmacists · 2021
    Article
  14. Gut Dysbiosis andFrontiers in microbiology · 2021
    Review
  15. Review
  16. A Palmitoylethanolamide ProducingFrontiers in pharmacology · 2021
    Article
  17. Article
  18. Article
  19. Risk Factors Associated with RecurrentHealthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2020
    Article
  20. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Xi NaDivision of Gastroenterology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
Ciaran Kelly
Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center · US

Funding

RESEARCH TRAINING IN GASTROENTEROLOGYT32DK007760 · NIDDK · BETH ISRAEL DEACONESS MEDICAL CENTER · PI KELLY, CIARAN P · 1999 to 2019
$4.6M
NIDDK NIH HHS T32 DK007760NIDDK NIH HHS T32DK007760
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) is one of the most prevalent nosocomial infections. A dramatic increase in the incidence and severity of CDI has been noted in the past decade. Current recommendations suggest metronidazole as first-line therapy in mild to moderately severe CDI and oral vancomycin in individuals with severe CDI, or when metronidazole fails or is contradicted. Alterations of the colonic microbiota, usually caused by antimicrobial therapy, seem to play a critical role in CDI pathogenesis. Probiotics are live microorganisms that confer a health benefit to the host, and have been used in CDI. Although a wide variety of probiotics have been studied, the exact role of probiotics in preventing and treating CDI is not clear. In this study, we reviewed the current literature and recommendations on the most commonly studied protiotic agents (Saccharomyces boulardii, Lactobacillus species, and probiotic mixtures) used to prevent or treat CDI. Lactobacillus-containing probiotic mixtures and S. boulardii may be effective in the prevention of CDI in high-risk antibiotic recipients but this finding is based on small, individual studies, and further, larger, well-controlled studies are needed to confirm preliminary positive findings and to better delineate the efficacy of probiotics in CDI prevention or treatment.

Indexed as

LactobacillusSaccharomycesAdultChildClostridioides difficileClostridium InfectionsCross InfectionEnterocolitis, PseudomembranousHumansProbioticsRandomized Controlled Trials as TopicRecurrenceTreatment Outcome

Identifiers

PMID21992956
PMCPMC5322762
OpenAlexW2328952959

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.