ArticleWorld psychiatry : official journal of the World Psychiatric Association (WPA)2011
Intellectual developmental disorders: towards a new name, definition and framework for "mental retardation/intellectual disability" in ICD-11.
Article in World psychiatry : official journal of the World Psychiatric Association (WPA), 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 94 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
94 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Prevalence of neuropsychiatric and seizure disorders in neurofibromatosis type 1: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Journal of neurology · 2026Pooled it
- Telerehabilitation in children and adolescents with intellectual disability: a systematic review.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2026Pooled it
- Prevalence of neurodevelopmental and psychiatric disorders in Noonan syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis.European journal of pediatrics · 2025Pooled it
- Cancer Prevention in Adults with Intellectual Disabilities: A Systematic Literature Review of Caregiver Perspectives in Institutional and Home Care Settings.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2024Pooled it
- Communication Services and Supports for Individuals With Severe Disabilities: Guidance for Assessment and Intervention.American journal on intellectual and developmental disabilities · 2016Guideline
- The Prevalence and Sociodemographic Characteristics of Intellectual Disability with Co-Occurring Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder and Learning Disability.Journal of pediatric neuropsychology · 2026Article
- The Burdens of Idiopathic Developmental Intellectual Disability Attributable to Lead Exposure from 1990 to 2023 and a Projection to 2050 in the USA: Findings from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2023.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Reframing psychiatry of intellectual developmental disorders: from margins to mainstream, from classification to care.World psychiatry : official journal of the World Psychiatric Association (WPA) · 2026Article
- Exploring Inclusion in Austria's Breast Cancer Screening:A Dual-Perspective Study of Women with Intellectual Disabilities and Their Caregivers.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2026Article
- Systems and policy factors affecting service delivery for homeless adults with intellectual and developmental disabilities.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2026Article
- Disease and Economic Burden of Intellectual Developmental Disability Attributable to Congenital Heart Disease, 1990-2021.Global heart · 2026Article
- Article
- Towards Inclusive Colorectal Cancer Screening: Experiences and Needs of Adults With Intellectual Disabilities.Cancer medicine · 2025Article
- CUX1 variant and 9p deletion: expanding the spectrum and resolving variable GDD/ID in a family.BMC medical genomics · 2025Article
- Health disparities persist for adults with developmental disabilities: NHIS insights, 1999-2018.Health affairs scholar · 2025Article
- From Discovery to Innovative Translational Approaches in 80 Years of Fragile X Syndrome Research.Biomedicines · 2025Review
- Experience and attitudes of general psychiatrists in Turkiye towards persons with intellectual disability/intellectual developmental disorders: a cross-sectional survey.International journal of developmental disabilities · 2025Article
- A longitudinal study of developmental quotients in early interventions for children with intellectual disability.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2025Article
- Clinical Features and Genetic Characteristics of XLID Patients With KDM5C Gene Mutations: Insights on Phenotype-Genotype Correlations From 175 Previous Cases and Identification of a Novel Variant.Molecular genetics & genomic medicine · 2025Review
- Article
34 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
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Authors and funding
18 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Although "intellectual disability" has widely replaced the term "mental retardation", the debate as to whether this entity should be conceptualized as a health condition or as a disability has intensified as the revision of the World Health Organization (WHO)'s International Classification of Diseases (ICD) advances. Defining intellectual disability as a health condition is central to retaining it in ICD, with significant implications for health policy and access to health services. This paper presents the consensus reached to date by the WHO ICD Working Group on the Classification of Intellectual Disabilities. Literature reviews were conducted and a mixed qualitative approach was followed in a series of meetings to produce consensus-based recommendations combining prior expert knowledge and available evidence. The Working Group proposes replacing mental retardation with intellectual developmental disorders, defined as "a group of developmental conditions characterized by significant impairment of cognitive functions, which are associated with limitations of learning, adaptive behaviour and skills". The Working Group further advises that intellectual developmental disorders be incorporated in the larger grouping (parent category) of neurodevelopmental disorders, that current subcategories based on clinical severity (i.e., mild, moderate, severe, profound) be continued, and that problem behaviours be removed from the core classification structure of intellectual developmental disorders and instead described as associated features.
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