ArticleProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America2011
Rapid and efficient reprogramming of somatic cells to induced pluripotent stem cells by retinoic acid receptor gamma and liver receptor homolog 1.
Article in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 136 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
136 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 242 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pluripotent stem cells: induction and self-renewal.Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences · 2018Pooled it
- Retinoic Acid Receptor γ Is a Ligand-Activated Gatekeeper to Stem Cell Developmental Progression.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- FGF4 initiates X-chromosome inactivation via activating YY1 and prompting loss of pluripotency factors.The EMBO journal · 2026Article
- Retinoic Acid Receptor γ Activity Plays a Critical Role in Regulating Early Mouse Gastruloid Development.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- Bromodomain-Driven Regulation of Stem Cells: A Potential Target for Cancer Therapeutic Intervention.Stem cell reviews and reports · 2026Review
- The Influences of RARγ on the Behavior of Normal and Cancer Stem Cells.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Molecular time machines unleashed: small-molecule-driven reprogramming to reverse the senescence.Stem cells translational medicine · 2026Review
- Establishment of human expanded potential stem cell lines via preimplantation embryo cultivation and somatic cell reprogramming.Nature protocols · 2025Review
- The Emerging Oncogenic Role of RARγ: From Stem Cell Regulation to a Potential Cancer Therapy.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- The building blocks of embryo models: embryonic and extraembryonic stem cells.Cell discovery · 2025Review
- Article
- Inactivation of Tumor Suppressor CYLD Inhibits Fibroblast Reprogramming to Pluripotency.Cancers · 2023Article
- Myc-dependent dedifferentiation of Gata6Nature cell biology · 2023Article
- Reprogramming efficiency and pluripotency of mule iPSCs over its parents†.Biology of reproduction · 2023Article
- Bromodomain (BrD) Family Members as Regulators of Cancer Stemness-A Comprehensive Review.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- The thyroid hormone enhances mouse embryonic fibroblasts reprogramming to pluripotent stem cells: role of the nuclear receptor corepressor 1.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2023Article
- Differentiation of human induced pluripotent stem cells into hypothalamic vasopressin neurons with minimal exogenous signals and partial conversion to the naive state.Scientific reports · 2022Article
- Naïve-like pluripotency to pave the way for saving the northern white rhinoceros from extinction.Scientific reports · 2022Article
- Capturing Pluripotency and Beyond.Cells · 2021Review
- Generation of mouse-human chimeric embryos.Nature protocols · 2021Review
76 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
12 authors at 4 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Somatic cells can be reprogrammed to induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) by expressing four transcription factors: Oct4, Sox2, Klf4, and c-Myc. Here we report that enhancing RA signaling by expressing RA receptors (RARs) or by RA agonists profoundly promoted reprogramming, but inhibiting it using a RAR-α dominant-negative form completely blocked it. Coexpressing Rarg (RAR-γ) and Lrh-1 (liver receptor homologue 1; Nr5a2) with the four factors greatly accelerated reprogramming so that reprogramming of mouse embryonic fibroblast cells to ground-state iPSCs requires only 4 d induction of these six factors. The six-factor combination readily reprogrammed primary human neonatal and adult fibroblast cells to exogenous factor-independent iPSCs, which resembled ground-state mouse ES cells in growth properties, gene expression, and signaling dependency. Our findings demonstrate that signaling through RARs has critical roles in molecular reprogramming and that the synergistic interaction between Rarg and Lrh1 directs reprogramming toward ground-state pluripotency. The human iPSCs described here should facilitate functional analysis of the human genome.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.