Evidence map›Paper›PMID 21987709›Full record

ArticlePediatrics2011

Multicomponent interventions to enhance influenza vaccine delivery to adolescents.

Lisa M Gargano, Karen Pazol, Jessica M Sales, Julia E Painter, Christopher Morfaw, LaDawna M Jones, Paul Weiss, James W Buehler, Dennis L Murray, Gina M Wingood and 3 more

Abstract readComparative StudyControlled Clinical Trial
In one paragraph

Article in Pediatrics, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
17citing papers in PubMed, 3 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

17 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
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  3. Patient reminder and recall interventions to improve immunization rates.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2018
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

13 authors.

Lisa M GarganoSchool of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA. lgargan@emory.edu
Karen Pazol
Jessica M Sales
Julia E Painter
Christopher Morfaw
LaDawna M Jones
Paul Weiss
James W Buehler
Dennis L Murray
Gina M Wingood
Walter A Orenstein
Ralph J DiClemente
James M Hughes

Funding

Training a New Generation of VaccinologistsT32AI074492 · NIAID · EMORY UNIVERSITY · PI Rama Rao Amara, Benjamin A Lopman · 2009 to 2026
$6.4M
Influenza Vaccine Delivery to Adolescents: two multicomponent interventionsR18IP000166 · IP · EMORY UNIVERSITY · PI HUGHES, JAMES M. · 2007 to 2009
$1.3M
NCIRD CDC HHS 5 R18 IP000166NCIRD CDC HHS R18 IP000166NIAID NIH HHS 5T32AI074492-02NIAID NIH HHS T32 AI074492
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectiveTo compare school- versus provider-based approaches to improving influenza vaccination coverage among adolescents in rural Georgia.

methodsWe used a nonrandomized, 3-armed design: (1) a middle- and high school-based influenza vaccination intervention in 1 county; (2) a provider-based influenza vaccination intervention in a second county; and (3) a standard-of-care condition in a third county. Interventions also included distribution of an educational brochure, school presentations, and community-based outreach to enhance vaccine knowledge and awareness among adolescents and their parents.

resultsDuring the 2008-2009 influenza season, 70 (19%) of 370 students were vaccinated in the school-based county and 110 (15%) of 736 students were vaccinated in the provider-based county, compared with 71 (8%) of 889 students in the standard-of-care county (risk ratio [RR](school): 2.4 [95% confidence interval (CI): 1.7-3.2]; RR(provider): 1.9 [95% CI: 1.4-2.5]). During 2009-2010, seasonal influenza vaccination coverage was 114 (30.4%) of 375 of students in the school-based county, 122 (16.9%) of 663 of students in the provider-based county, and 131 (15.2%) of 861 students in the standard-of-care county (RR(school): 2.3 [95% CI: 1.9-2.9]; RR(provider): 1.2 [95% CI: 0.97-1.5]).

conclusionsSpecial efforts to promote influenza vaccination among rural, predominantly black students were associated with increased vaccination coverage. The school-based influenza vaccination intervention was associated with the highest levels of vaccination coverage. This study revealed the efficacy of school-based influenza education to improve vaccination rates among adolescents.

Indexed as

AdolescentCommunity Health ServicesFemaleGeorgiaHealth EducationHumansImmunization ProgramsInfluenza, HumanInfluenza VaccinesMalePandemicsPatient ComplianceProgram EvaluationRural PopulationSchool Health ServicesInfluenza Vaccines

Identifiers

PMID21987709
PMCPMC3387882

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.