Evidence map›Paper›PMID 21986820›Full record

ArticleAntimicrobial agents and chemotherapy2012

Pharmacokinetic evaluation of the penetration of antituberculosis agents in rabbit pulmonary lesions.

Maria C Kjellsson, Laura E Via, Anne Goh, Danielle Weiner, Kang Min Low, Steven Kern, Goonaseelan Pillai, Clifton E Barry, Véronique Dartois

Registry-linked trialAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT06253715 (Shortened Regimen for Drug-susceptible TB in Children), which is not on this map. Cited by 108 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
108citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
4.4field-weighted citation impact, top 5% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT06253715 phase3recruitingnot on this mapstarted 2025, after this paper: background citation

Shortened Regimen for Drug-susceptible TB in Children

TypeinterventionalSponsorJohns Hopkins UniversityRan2025 to 2027Enrolled860ConditionsTuberculosis, Tuberculosis, Pulmonary, Tuberculosis, Lymph Node, Mycobacterium TuberculosisArmsIsoniazid, Rifampin, Pyrazinamide, Ethambutol, Rifapentine
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

108 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 163 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Trial
  3. Trial
  4. Trial
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Review
  8. Model systems to studyFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2025
    Review
  9. Normalizing granuloma vasculature and matrix improves drug delivery and reduces bacterial burden in tuberculosis-infected rabbits.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2024
    Article
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. Article
  15. Article
  16. Chemical-genetic interaction mapping links carbon metabolism and cell wall structure to tuberculosis drug efficacy.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2022
    Article
  17. Article
  18. Machine Learning Models forMolecular pharmaceutics · 2022
    Article
  19. Tools to develop antibiotic combinations that target drug tolerance inFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2022
    Review
  20. Understanding the contribution of metabolism toFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2022
    Review

48 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors at 4 institutions in 4 countries.

Maria C KjellssonModeling & Simulation, Novartis Pharma AG, Basel, Switzerland.
Laura E Via
Anne Goh
Danielle Weiner
Kang Min Low
Steven Kern
Goonaseelan Pillai
Clifton E Barry
Véronique Dartois
Novartis (Singapore) · SGNovartis (Switzerland) · CHNational Institutes of Health · USNational Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases · US

Funding

Experimental Animal Models of TB: Chemotherapeutics and ImagingZIAAI000734 · NIAID · NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF ALLERGY AND INFECTIOUS DISEASES · PI BARRY, CLIFTON · 2009 to 2025
$19.6M
Intramural NIH HHSWellcome Trust 37882Wellcome Trust 42808
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Standard antituberculosis (anti-TB) therapy requires the use of multiple drugs for a minimum of 6 months, with variable outcomes that are influenced by a number of microbiological, pathological, and clinical factors. This is despite the availability of antibiotics that have good activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis in vitro and favorable pharmacokinetic profiles in plasma. However, little is known about the distribution of widely used antituberculous agents in the pulmonary lesions where the pathogen resides. The rabbit model of TB infection was used to explore the hypothesis that standard drugs have various abilities to penetrate lung tissue and lesions and that adequate drug levels are not consistently reached at the site of infection. Using noncompartmental and population pharmacokinetic approaches, we modeled the rate and extent of distribution of isoniazid, rifampin, pyrazinamide, and moxifloxacin in rabbit lung and lesions. Moxifloxacin reproducibly showed favorable partitioning into lung and granulomas, while the exposure of isoniazid, rifampin, and pyrazinamide in lesions was markedly lower than in plasma. The extent of penetration in lung and lesions followed different trends for each drug. All four agents distributed rapidly from plasma to tissue with equilibration half-lives of less than 1 min to an hour. The models adequately described the plasma concentrations and reasonably captured actual lesion concentrations. Though further refinement is needed to accurately predict the behavior of these drugs in human subjects, our results enable the integration of lesion-specific pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic (PK-PD) indices in clinical trial simulations and in in vitro PK-PD studies with M. tuberculosis.

Indexed as

AnimalsAntitubercular AgentsAza CompoundsBiological AvailabilityDisease Models, AnimalDrug Administration ScheduleFemaleFluoroquinolonesGranulomaHumansIsoniazidLungMoxifloxacinMycobacterium tuberculosisPyrazinamideQuinolinesAntitubercular AgentsAza CompoundsFluoroquinolonesIsoniazidMoxifloxacinPyrazinamideQuinolinesRifampinTissue Extracts

Identifiers

PMID21986820
PMCPMC3256032
OpenAlexW2011386209

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.