SynthesisBMC family practice2011
Does clinical examination aid in the diagnosis of urinary tract infections in women? A systematic review and meta-analysis.
Synthesis in BMC family practice, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 56 citations in OpenAlex.
- Validity of microscopy for diagnosing urinary tract infection in general practice - a systematic review.Scandinavian journal of primary health care · 2019Pooled it
- The Practice Guidelines for Primary Care of Acute Abdomen 2015.Japanese journal of radiology · 2016Guideline
- Evidence-based appraisal of two guidelines for the diagnosis of suspected, uncomplicated urinary tract infections in primary care: a diagnostic accuracy validation study.The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy · 2023Trial
- Trial
- A randomized controlled trial of a diagnostic algorithm for symptoms of uncomplicated cystitis at an out-of-hours service.Scandinavian journal of primary health care · 2015Trial
- Clinical Relevance of PCR Versus Culture in Urinary Tract Infections Diagnosis: Quantification Cycle as a Predictor of Bacterial Load.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- General practitioners' decision making managing uncomplicated urinary tract infections in women: a qualitative study.BJGP open · 2024Article
- Impact of Menopausal Status and Recurrent UTIs on Symptoms, Severity, and Daily Life: Findings from an Online Survey of Women Reporting a Recent UTI.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Severity and Bothersomeness of Urinary Tract Infection Symptoms in Women before and after Menopause.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Increased demand of urine cultures from Danish general practice: a five-year register-based study.Scandinavian journal of primary health care · 2023Article
- What is the Diagnostic Accuracy of Novel Urine Biomarkers for Urinary Tract Infection?Biomarker insights · 2023Review
- Article
- Diagnosis of urinary tract infection based on symptoms: how are likelihood ratios affected by age? a diagnostic accuracy study.BMJ open · 2021Article
- Predictors of Symptom Duration and Bacteriuria in Uncomplicated Urinary Tract Infection.Scandinavian journal of primary health care · 2018Article
- [Twenty-five myths in infectious diseases in primary care associated with overdiagnosis and overtreatment].Atencion primaria · 2018Review
- Factors associated with the duration of symptoms in adult women with suspected cystitis in primary care.PloS one · 2018Article
- Fast and accurate prediction of positive and negative urine cultures by flow cytometry.BMC infectious diseases · 2016Article
- The role of point-of-care tests in antibiotic stewardship for urinary tract infections in a resource-limited setting on the Thailand-Myanmar border.Tropical medicine & international health : TM & IH · 2015Article
- High Diagnostic Accuracy of Nitrite Test Paired with Urine Sediment can Reduce Unnecessary Antibiotic Therapy.The open microbiology journal · 2015Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundClinicians should be aware of the diagnostic values of various symptoms, signs and antecedents. This information is particularly important in primary care settings, where sophisticated diagnostic approaches are not always feasible. The aim of the study is to determine the probability that various symptoms, signs, antecedents and tests predict urinary tract infection (UTI) in women.
methodsWe conducted a systematic search of the MEDLINE and EMBASE databases to identify articles published in all languages through until December 2008. We particularly focused on studies that examined the diagnostic accuracy of at least one symptom, sign or patient antecedent related to the urinary tract. We included studies where urine culture, a gold standard, was preformed by primary care providers on female subjects aged at least 14 years. A meta-analysis of the likelihood ratio was performed to assess variables related to the urinary tract symptoms.
resultsOf the 1, 212 articles identified, 11 met the selection criteria. Dysuria, urgency, nocturia, sexual activity and urgency with dysuria were weak predictors of urinary tract infection, whereas increases in vaginal discharge and suprapubic pain were weak predictors of the absence of infection. Nitrites or leukocytes in the dipstick test are the only findings that clearly favored a diagnosis of UTI.
conclusionsClinical findings do not aid in the diagnosis of UTI among women who present with urinary symptoms. Vaginal discharge is a weak indicator of the absence of infection. The urine dipstick test was the most reliable tool for detecting UTI.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.