ArticleImmunology2011
NOD-like receptors and RIG-I-like receptors in human eosinophils: activation by NOD1 and NOD2 agonists.
Article in Immunology, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 29 papers.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
29 citing papers in PubMed, 49 citations in OpenAlex.
- Rational design of next-generation vaccine adjuvants: From molecular mechanisms to hybrid delivery platforms.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2026Review
- Integrative Omics of Eosinophils in Asthma and COPD: Deciphering Molecular Signatures for Targeted Therapy.Molecular diagnosis & therapy · 2026Review
- Lyophilizable Thermostable Nano-Aluminum Adjuvant and Combinations Induced Robust Antigen-Specific Humoral and Cellular Immunity in Mice.Advanced healthcare materials · 2026Article
- Pro-inflammatory and counter-regulatory modulators of interleukin-5-driven eosinophil programs: a framework for precision medicine in eosinophilic diseases.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Targeting pattern recognition receptors for cancer therapy: Mechanisms and strategies.Acta pharmaceutica Sinica. B · 2025Review
- Exploring Asthma as a Protective Factor in COVID-19 Outcomes.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- NOD2-NLRP3 Axis and Asthma.Journal of asthma and allergy · 2025Review
- Eosinophils as drivers of bacterial immunomodulation and persistence.Infection and immunity · 2024Review
- Adjuvants for cancer mRNA vaccines in the era of nanotechnology: strategies, applications, and future directions.Journal of nanobiotechnology · 2024Review
- Vaccine adjuvants: mechanisms and platforms.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2023Review
- RIG-I-like Receptor Regulation of Immune Cell Function and Therapeutic Implications.Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) · 2022Review
- Article
- NOD-like receptors in asthma.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Review
- RSV Infection in Neonatal Mice Induces Pulmonary Eosinophilia Responsible for Asthmatic Reaction.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Article
- Immunological Roles of NLR in Allergic Diseases and Its Underlying Mechanisms.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Review
- Role of NLRs in the Regulation of Type I Interferon Signaling, Host Defense and Tolerance to Inflammation.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Review
- Activity of Tracheal Cytotoxin ofFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2020Article
- Eosinophils: Nemeses of Pulmonary Pathogens?Current allergy and asthma reports · 2019Review
- Article
- Impact of eosinophil-peroxidase (EPX) deficiency on eosinophil structure and function in mouse airways.Journal of leukocyte biology · 2019Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
NOD-like receptors (NLRs) and RIG-I-like receptors (RLRs) are newly discovered pattern-recognition receptors. They detect substructures of bacterial peptidoglycan and viral RNA, respectively, thereby initiating an immune response. However, their role in eosinophil activation remains to be explored. The aim of this study was to characterize the expression of a range of NLRs and RLRs in purified human eosinophils and assess their functional importance. Expression of NOD1, NOD2, NLRP3, RIG-I and MDA-5 was investigated using real-time reverse transcription PCR, flow cytometry and immunohistochemistry. The effects of the corresponding agonists iE-DAP (NOD1), MDP (NOD2), alum (NLRP3) and poly(I:C)/LyoVec (RIG-I/MDA-5) were studied in terms of cytokine secretion, degranulation, survival, expression of adhesion molecules and activation markers, and chemotactic migration. Eosinophils expressed NOD1 and NOD2 mRNA and protein. Low levels of RIG-I and MDA-5 were found, whereas expression of NLRP3 was completely absent. In accordance, stimulation with iE-DAP and MDP was found to induce secretion of interleukin-8, up-regulate expression of CD11b, conversely down-regulate CD62 ligand, increase expression of CD69 and induce migration. The MDP also promoted release of eosinophil-derived neurotoxin, whereas iE-DAP failed to do so. No effects were seen upon stimulation with alum or poly(I:C)/LyoVec. Moreover, the NOD1-induced and NOD2-induced activation was mediated via the nuclear factor-κB signalling pathway and augmented by interleukin-5 and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor, but not interferon-γ. Taken together, the NLR system represents a novel pathway for eosinophil activation. The responses are enhanced in the presence of cytokines that regulate T helper type 2 immunity, suggesting that the NLRs constitute a link between respiratory infections and exacerbations of allergic disease.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.