Evidence map›Paper›PMID 21976221›Full record

ArticleClinical and vaccine immunology : CVI2011

Plasma antibody profiles as diagnostic biomarkers for tuberculosis.

Imran H Khan, Resmi Ravindran, Viswanathan V Krishnan, Irum Nawaz Awan, Syed Kumail Rizvi, Muhammad Arif Saqib, Mirza Imran Shahzad, Sabira Tahseen, Greg Ireton, Celia W Goulding and 4 more

Open access · diamondAbstract readComparative StudyEvaluation Study
In one paragraph

Article in Clinical and vaccine immunology : CVI, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 25 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
25citing papers in PubMed
0.8field-weighted citation impact, top 29% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

25 citing papers in PubMed, 37 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Trial
  2. Article
  3. A proteome-wide atlas of humoral immunity toFrontiers in immunology · 2026
    Article
  4. Review
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Differential levels of anti-Frontiers in medicine · 2023
    Article
  9. Article
  10. Antibodies as clinical tools for tuberculosis.Frontiers in immunology · 2023
    Review
  11. Article
  12. Review
  13. Article
  14. Article
  15. Article
  16. Article
  17. Diagnostic Performance of Tuberculosis-Specific IgG Antibody Profiles in Patients with Presumptive Tuberculosis from Two Continents.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2017
    Article
  18. Article
  19. Article
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

14 authors at 5 institutions in 2 countries.

Imran H KhanCenter for Comparative Medicine, University of California at Davis, Hutchison Rd. and County Rd. 98, Davis, CA 95616, USA. ihkhan@ucdavis.edu
Resmi Ravindran
Viswanathan V Krishnan
Irum Nawaz Awan
Syed Kumail Rizvi
Muhammad Arif Saqib
Mirza Imran Shahzad
Sabira Tahseen
Greg Ireton
Celia W Goulding
Phil Felgner
Kathy DeRiemer
Azra Khanum
Paul A Luciw
Pir Mehr Ali Shah Arid Agriculture University · PKUniversity of California, Davis · USUniversity of California, Irvine · USAga Khan Development Network · PKInfectious Disease Research Institute · US

Funding

Proteomic Signatures of CancerP20MD002732 · NIMHD · CALIFORNIA STATE UNIVERSITY FRESNO · PI MORTIMER, AMANDA · 2007 to 2011
$4.3M
Structural And Biochemical Characterization Of A Novel Mycobacterial Heme UptakeR01AI081161 · NIAID · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA-IRVINE · PI GOULDING, CELIA · 2009 to 2013
$1.8M
NIAID NIH HHS R01 AI081161NIMHD NIH HHS P20 MD002732NIMHD NIH HHS P20MD002732
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Two billion people are infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis, the etiological agent of tuberculosis (TB), worldwide. Ten million to 20 million of the infected individuals develop disease per year. TB is a treatable disease, provided that it is diagnosed in a timely manner. The current TB diagnostic methods are subjective, inefficient, or not cost-effective. Antibody-based blood tests can be used efficiently and cost-effectively for TB diagnosis. A major challenge is that different TB patients generate antibodies against different antigens. Therefore, a multiplex immunoassay approach is needed. We have developed a multiplex panel of 28 M. tuberculosis antigen-coated microbeads. Plasma samples were obtained from over 300 pulmonary TB patients and healthy controls in a country where TB is endemic, Pakistan. Multiplex data were analyzed using computational tools by multivariate statistics, classification algorithms, and cluster analysis. The results of antibody profile-based detection, using 16 selected antigens, closely correlated with those of the sputum-based diagnostic methods (smear microscopy and culture) practiced in countries where TB is endemic. Multiplex microbead immunoassay had a sensitivity and specificity of approximately 90% and 80%, respectively. These antibody profiles could potentially be useful for the diagnosis of nonpulmonary TB, which accounts for approximately 20% of cases of disease. Since an automated, high-throughput version of this multiplex microbead immunoassay could analyze thousands of samples per day, it may be useful for the diagnosis of TB in millions of patients worldwide.

Indexed as

Antibodies, BacterialBiomarkersClinical Laboratory TechniquesHumansImmunoassayMicrospheresMycobacterium tuberculosisPakistanPlasmaSensitivity and SpecificitySputumTuberculosisAntibodies, BacterialBiomarkers

Identifiers

PMID21976221
PMCPMC3232686
OpenAlexW2152929827

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.