Hormonal contraception and HIV: an unanswered question.

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

Who cites it

13 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

1. Hormonal contraception and the risk of HIV acquisition: an individual participant data meta-analysis.PLoS medicine · 2015
   Pooled it
2. Norethisterone Enanthate Increases Mouse Susceptibility to Genital Infection with Herpes Simplex Virus Type 2 and HIV Type 1.ImmunoHorizons · 2020
   Article
3. Medroxyprogesterone acetate and levonorgestrel increase genital mucosal permeability and enhance susceptibility to genital herpes simplex virus type 2 infection.Mucosal immunology · 2016
   Article
4. Contraception and prevention of HIV transmission: a potential conflict of public health principles.The journal of family planning and reproductive health care · 2015
   Article
5. Injectable and oral contraceptives and risk of HIV acquisition in women: an analysis of data from the MDP301 trial.Human reproduction (Oxford, England) · 2014
   Article
6. Effect of progestins on immunity: medroxyprogesterone but not norethisterone or levonorgestrel suppresses the function of T cells and pDCs.Contraception · 2014
   Article
7. The impact of oral contraceptive initiation on young women's condom use in 3 American cities: missed opportunities for intervention.PloS one · 2014
   Article
8. The injectable-only contraceptive medroxyprogesterone acetate, unlike norethisterone acetate and progesterone, regulates inflammatory genes in endocervical cells via the glucocorticoid receptor.PloS one · 2014
   Article
9. Assessing the effect of hormonal contraception on HIV acquisition in observational data: challenges and recommended analytic approaches.AIDS (London, England) · 2013
   Review
10. The progestin-only contraceptive medroxyprogesterone acetate, but not norethisterone acetate, enhances HIV-1 Vpr-mediated apoptosis in human CD4+ T cells through the glucocorticoid receptor.PloS one · 2013
    Article
11. Living with uncertainty: acting in the best interests of women.AIDS research and treatment · 2012
    Article
12. Awareness and interest in intrauterine contraceptive device use among HIV-positive women in Cape Town, South Africa.Infectious diseases in obstetrics and gynecology · 2012
    Article
13. What works to meet the sexual and reproductive health needs of women living with HIV/AIDS.Journal of the International AIDS Society · 2011
    Review

Corrections and comments

• Comment on
  Use of hormonal contraceptives and risk of HIV-1 transmission: a prospective cohort study.2012

Authors and funding

2 authors.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

Abstract

PubMed holds no abstract for this paper.

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