ReviewVirulence
All you need is light: antimicrobial photoinactivation as an evolving and emerging discovery strategy against infectious disease.
Review in Virulence. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 76 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
76 citing papers in PubMed, 239 citations in OpenAlex.
- The photodynamic inactivation in the control of the seafood zoonotic parasite, Anisakis sp.Parasitology research · 2026Article
- Curcumin Internalization in Streptococcus mutans Biofilms: A Confocal Microscopy Analysis.Journal of biophotonics · 2025Article
- Unveiling the Mechanisms of Bacterial Resistance and Countermeasures.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- SWEEPS-Assisted Antibacterial Photodynamic Therapy Against Dual-Species Biofilms in Mandibular Molars: An In Vitro Study.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Antimicrobial photodynamic therapy with 5-aminolevulinic acid plus antibiotics: a promising treatment for tibial osteomyelitis caused by drug-resistant bacteria.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2025Article
- Therapeutic Potential of Emodin: A Mini-Review of Its Anti-Biofilm and Antimicrobial Effects.Infectious disorders drug targets · 2025Review
- Exploring Borate-Modified Calcium Phosphate Ceramics: Antimicrobial Potential and Cytocompatibility Assessment.Nanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Safer school with near-UV technology: novel applications for environmental hygiene.Journal of environmental health science & engineering · 2023Article
- Antimicrobial Photodynamic Inactivation: An Alternative for Group BAntioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Photo-Inactivation ofAntibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Laser therapy in the treatment of feline sporotrichosis: A case series.Brazilian journal of veterinary medicine · 2023Article
- Medical Management versus PACK-CXL in Dogs with Infectious Keratitis: A Randomized Controlled Trial Protocol.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2022Article
- Selenophene-Modified Boron Dipyrromethene-Based Photosensitizers Exhibit Photodynamic Inhibition on a Broad Range of Bacteria.ACS omega · 2022Article
- The bactericidal effect of two photoactivated chromophore for keratitis-corneal crosslinking protocols (standard vs. accelerated) on bacterial isolates associated with infectious keratitis in companion animals.BMC veterinary research · 2022Article
- Searching for antimicrobial photosensitizers among a panel of BODIPYs.Photochemical & photobiological sciences : Official journal of the European Photochemistry Association and the European Society for Photobiology · 2022Article
- Photodynamic Inactivation of SARS-CoV-2 Infectivity and Antiviral Treatment Effects In Vitro.Viruses · 2022Article
- Aloe-emodin-mediated antimicrobial photodynamic therapy against dermatophytosis caused by Trichophyton rubrum.Microbial biotechnology · 2022Article
- Riboflavin- and chlorophyllin-based antimicrobial photoinactivation ofFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2022Article
- Phototherapy and optical waveguides for the treatment of infection.Advanced drug delivery reviews · 2021Review
- Rapid inactivation of SARS-CoV-2 with LED irradiation of visible spectrum wavelengths.Journal of photochemistry and photobiology · 2021Article
16 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
The story of prevention and control of infectious diseases remains open and a series of highly virulent pathogens are emerging both in and beyond the hospital setting. Antibiotics were an absolute success story for a previous era. The academic and industrial biomedical communities have now come together to formulate consensus beliefs regarding the pursuit of novel and effective alternative anti-infective countermeasures. Photodynamic therapy was established and remains a successful modality for malignancies but photodynamic inactivation has been transformed recently to an antimicrobial discovery and development platform. The concept of photodynamic inactivation is quite straightforward and requires microbial exposure to visible light energy, typically wavelengths in the visible region, that causes the excitation of photosensitizer molecules (either exogenous or endogenous), which results in the production of singlet oxygen and other reactive oxygen species that react with intracellular components, and consequently produce cell inactivation. It is an area of increasing interest, as research is advancing i) to identify the photochemical and photophysical mechanisms involved in inactivation; ii) to develop potent and clinically compatible photosensitizer; iii) to understand how photoinactivation is affected by key microbial phenotypic elements (multidrug resistance and efflux, virulence and pathogenesis determinants, biofilms); iv) to explore novel delivery platforms inspired by current trends in pharmacology and nanotechnology; and v) to identify photoinactivation applications beyond the clinical setting such as environmental disinfectants.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.