Evidence map›Paper›PMID 21969326›Full record

ReviewPharmacological reviews2011

The significance of G protein-coupled receptor crystallography for drug discovery.

John A Salon, David T Lodowski, Krzysztof Palczewski

Open access · bronzeAbstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Pharmacological reviews, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 89 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
89citing papers in PubMed
9.7field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

89 citing papers in PubMed, 223 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Platelet Membrane Receptors and Signalling Pathways.Handbook of experimental pharmacology · 2026
    Review
  2. Article
  3. Genetic variants of accessory proteins and G proteins in human genetic disease.Critical reviews in clinical laboratory sciences · 2025
    Review
  4. Article
  5. Review
  6. Article
  7. Review
  8. G Protein-Coupled Receptor Dimerization-What Next?International journal of molecular sciences · 2024
    Review
  9. Review
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Review
  14. Review
  15. Article
  16. Article
  17. Article
  18. Review
  19. Article
  20. Article

29 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

John A SalonDepartment of Molecular Structure, Amgen Incorporated, Thousand Oaks, California, USA.
David T Lodowski
Krzysztof Palczewski
Case Western Reserve University · USAmgen (United States) · US

Funding

STRUCTURAL STUDIES OF ARRESTINSR01EY009339 · NEI · UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON · PI KISER, PHILIP DAVID, PALCZEWSKI, KRZYSZTOF · 1992 to 2025
$16.0M
REGULATION OF RHODOPSIN KINASE AND GUANYLATE CYCLASER01EY008061 · NEI · UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON · PI PALCZEWSKI, KRZYSZTOF · 1994 to 2014
$9.5M
STRUCTURAL STUDIES OF G PROTEIN-COUPLED RECEPTORSR01GM079191 · NIGMS · CASE WESTERN RESERVE UNIVERSITY · PI PALCZEWSKI, KRZYSZTOF · 2007 to 2010
$845k
Structural Studies in Rhodopsin and G Protein ActivationR00EY019718 · NEI · CASE WESTERN RESERVE UNIVERSITY · PI LODOWSKI, DAVID THOMAS · 2012 to 2014
$629k
Structural Studies in Rhodopsin and G Protein ActivationK99EY019718 · NEI · CASE WESTERN RESERVE UNIVERSITY · PI LODOWSKI, DAVID THOMAS · 2010 to 2011
$180k
RHODOPSIN KINASE: REGULATION, FUNCTION AND STRUCTURER29EY008061 · NEI · UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON · PI PALCZEWSKI, KRZYSZTOF NMI · 1989 to 1993
–
NEI NIH HHS EY008061NEI NIH HHS EY009339NEI NIH HHS EY019718NEI NIH HHS K99 EY019718NEI NIH HHS R00 EY019718NEI NIH HHS R01 EY008061NEI NIH HHS R01 EY009339NIGMS NIH HHS GM079191NIGMS NIH HHS R01 GM079191
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Crucial as molecular sensors for many vital physiological processes, seven-transmembrane domain G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) comprise the largest family of proteins targeted by drug discovery. Together with structures of the prototypical GPCR rhodopsin, solved structures of other liganded GPCRs promise to provide insights into the structural basis of the superfamily's biochemical functions and assist in the development of new therapeutic modalities and drugs. One of the greatest technical and theoretical challenges to elucidating and exploiting structure-function relationships in these systems is the emerging concept of GPCR conformational flexibility and its cause-effect relationship for receptor-receptor and receptor-effector interactions. Such conformational changes can be subtle and triggered by relatively small binding energy effects, leading to full or partial efficacy in the activation or inactivation of the receptor system at large. Pharmacological dogma generally dictates that these changes manifest themselves through kinetic modulation of the receptor's G protein partners. Atomic resolution information derived from increasingly available receptor structures provides an entrée to the understanding of these events and practically applying it to drug design. Supported by structure-activity relationship information arising from empirical screening, a unified structural model of GPCR activation/inactivation promises to both accelerate drug discovery in this field and improve our fundamental understanding of structure-based drug design in general. This review discusses fundamental problems that persist in drug design and GPCR structural determination.

Indexed as

Molecular Targeted TherapyProtein ConformationCrystallography, X-RayDrug DiscoveryHumansMolecular ConformationReceptors, G-Protein-CoupledStructure-Activity RelationshipReceptors, G-Protein-Coupled

Identifiers

PMID21969326
PMCPMC3186081
OpenAlexW2168986606

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.