ArticlePsychopharmacology2012
Galanin negatively modulates opiate withdrawal via galanin receptor 1.
Article in Psychopharmacology, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
9 citing papers in PubMed, 15 citations in OpenAlex.
- Early socially isolated rats of both sexes reduce alcohol consumption and seeking by the Galanin (1-15) and naltrexone combination.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2026Article
- Neuronal diversity of neuropeptide signaling, including galanin, in the mouse locus coeruleus.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2023Article
- Cell-type specific expression and behavioral impact of galanin and GalR1 in the locus coeruleus during opioid withdrawal.Addiction biology · 2021Article
- Regulation of neurological and neuropsychiatric phenotypes by locus coeruleus-derived galanin.Brain research · 2016Review
- Development of Spexin-based Human Galanin Receptor Type II-Specific Agonists with Increased Stability in Serum and Anxiolytic Effect in Mice.Scientific reports · 2016Article
- Leptin modulates nutrient reward via inhibitory galanin action on orexin neurons.Molecular metabolism · 2015Article
- The galanin receptor agonist, galnon, attenuates cocaine-induced reinstatement and dopamine overflow in the frontal cortex.Addiction biology · 2015Article
- A high-fat diet or galanin in the PVN decreases phosphorylation of CREB in the nucleus accumbens.Neuroscience · 2013Article
- Exercise offers anxiolytic potential: a role for stress and brain noradrenergic-galaninergic mechanisms.Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews · 2012Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 4 institutions in 4 countries.
Funding
Abstract
rationaleThe neuropeptide galanin has been shown to modulate opiate dependence and withdrawal. These effects could be mediated via activation of one or more of the three distinct G protein-coupled receptors, namely galanin receptors 1 (GalR1), 2 (GalR2), and 3 (GalR3).
objectivesIn this study, we used several transgenic mouse lines to further define the mechanisms underlying the role played by galanin and its receptors in the modulation of morphine dependence. First, transgenic mice expressing β-galactosidase under the control of the galanin promoter were used to assess the regulation of galanin expression in response to chronic morphine administration and withdrawal. Next, the behavioral responses to chronic morphine administration and withdrawal were tested in mice that over-express galanin, lack the GalR1 gene, or lack the GalR2 gene.
methodsTransgenic and matched wild-type mice were given increasing doses of morphine followed by precipitation of withdrawal by naloxone and behavioral responses to withdrawal were assessed.
resultsBoth morphine administration and withdrawal increased galanin gene transcription in the locus coeruleus (LC). Increasing galanin levels in the brain reduced signs of opiate withdrawal. Mice lacking GalR1 undergo more severe opiate withdrawal, whereas mice lacking GalR2 show no significant difference in withdrawal signs, compare with matched wild-type controls.
conclusionsOpiate administration and withdrawal increase galanin expression in the LC. Galanin opposes the actions of morphine which leads to opiate dependence and withdrawal, an effect that is mediated via GalR1.
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Registered trials
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