ArticlePloS one2011
Changes in cytokine levels and NK cell activation associated with influenza.
Article in PloS one, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 43 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
43 citing papers in PubMed, 68 citations in OpenAlex.
- Ebola virus glycoprotein stimulates IL-18-dependent natural killer cell responses.The Journal of clinical investigation · 2020Trial
- Age-Related Changes in the Natural Killer Cell Response to Seasonal Influenza Vaccination Are Not Influenced by a Synbiotic: a Randomised Controlled Trial.Frontiers in immunology · 2018Trial
- Controlled infection with a therapeutic virus defines the activation kinetics of human natural killer cells in vivo.Clinical and experimental immunology · 2015Trial
- Natural killer (NK) cell deficit in coronary artery disease: no aberrations in phenotype but sustained reduction of NK cells is associated with low-grade inflammation.Clinical and experimental immunology · 2014Trial
- Natural killer cells against viral infection: from basic biology to immunotherapy.Precision clinical medicine · 2026Review
- PD-L1 is an intrinsic switch for natural killer cell-mediated, TRAIL-dependent antiviral function.Cell reports · 2026Article
- A comprehensive mechanistic multicellular model of the human immune system spanning 11 diseases.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Review
- Coinfection of Influenza A and B and Human OC43 Coronavirus in Normal Human Bronchial Epithelial Cells.Influenza and other respiratory viruses · 2024Article
- Baseline innate and T cell populations are correlates of protection against symptomatic influenza virus infection independent of serology.Nature immunology · 2023Article
- Early peripheral blood lymphocyte subsets and cytokines in predicting the severity of influenza B virus pneumonia in children.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2023Article
- NK cell subsets and dysfunction during viral infection: a new avenue for therapeutics?Frontiers in immunology · 2023Review
- Human placental hematopoietic stem cell derived natural killer cells (CYNK-001) mediate protection against influenza a viral infection.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2022Article
- Article
- Review
- Oncolytic virus treatment differentially affects the CD56Immunology · 2022Article
- Human placental hematopoietic stem cell-derived natural killer cells (CYNK) recognize and eliminate influenza A virus-infected cells.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Article
- Specific human cytomegalovirus signature detected in NK cell metabolic changes post vaccination.NPJ vaccines · 2021Article
- Article
- Human Innate Lymphoid Cells in Influenza Infection and Vaccination.Critical reviews in immunology · 2021Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Several studies have highlighted the important role played by murine natural killer (NK) cells in the control of influenza infection. However, human NK cell responses in acute influenza infection, including infection with the 2009 pandemic H1N1 influenza virus, are poorly documented. Here, we examined changes in NK cell phenotype and function and plasma cytokine levels associated with influenza infection and vaccination. We show that absolute numbers of peripheral blood NK cells, and particularly those of CD56(bright) NK cells, decreased upon acute influenza infection while this NK cell subset expanded following intramuscular influenza vaccination. NK cells exposed to influenza antigens were activated, with higher proportions of NK cells expressing CD69 in study subjects infected with seasonal influenza strains. Vaccination led to increased levels of CD25+ NK cells, and notably CD56(bright) CD25+ NK cells, whereas decreased amounts of this subset were present in the peripheral blood of influenza infected individuals, and predominantly in study subjects infected with the 2009 pandemic H1N1 influenza virus. Finally, acute influenza infection was associated with low plasma concentrations of inflammatory cytokines, including IFN-γ, MIP-1β, IL-2 and IL-15, and high levels of the anti-inflammatory cytokines IL-10 and IL-1ra. Altogether, these data suggest a role for the CD56(bright) NK cell subset in the response to influenza, potentially involving their recruitment to infected tissues and a local production and/or uptake of inflammatory cytokines.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.