Evidence map›Paper›PMID 21964573›Full record

ArticleNature genetics2011

Identification of genetic elements that autonomously determine DNA methylation states.

Florian Lienert, Christiane Wirbelauer, Indrani Som, Ann Dean, Fabio Mohn, Dirk Schübeler

Erratum issuedOpen access · greenAbstract read
PubMed Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Nature genetics, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 221 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
221citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
20.5field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

221 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 395 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Trial
  3. Article
  4. Synthetic Regulatory Genomics.Annual review of genomics and human genetics · 2026
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  18. Epigenomic insights into common human disease pathology.Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS · 2024
    Review
  19. Transcription factor expression repertoire basis for epigenetic and transcriptional subtypes of colorectal cancers.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2023
    Article
  20. Article

161 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.

Florian LienertFriedrich Miescher Institute for Biomedical Research, Basel, Switzerland.
Christiane Wirbelauer
Indrani Som
Ann Dean
Fabio Mohn
Dirk Schübeler
Friedrich Miescher Institute · CHNational Institutes of Health · USUniversity of Basel · CH

Funding

Epigenetic and Developmental Regulation of Mammalian GenesZIADK075033 · NIDDK · NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF DIABETES AND DIGESTIVE AND KIDNEY DISEASES · PI DEAN, ANN · 2009 to 2025
$24.2M
Chromatin Structure In Regulation Of Mammalian Gene ExpressionZIADK015508 · NIDDK · NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF DIABETES AND DIGESTIVE AND KIDNEY DISEASES · PI DEAN, ANN · 2009 to 2017
$7.3M
Intramural NIH HHS
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Cytosine methylation is a repressive, epigenetically propagated DNA modification. Although patterns of DNA methylation seem tightly regulated in mammals, it is unclear how these are specified and to what extent this process entails genetic or epigenetic regulation. To dissect the role of the underlying DNA sequence, we sequentially inserted over 50 different DNA elements into the same genomic locus in mouse stem cells. Promoter sequences of approximately 1,000 bp autonomously recapitulated correct DNA methylation in pluripotent cells. Moreover, they supported proper de novo methylation during differentiation. Truncation analysis revealed that this regulatory potential is contained within small methylation-determining regions (MDRs). MDRs can mediate both hypomethylation and de novo methylation in cis, and their activity depends on developmental state, motifs for DNA-binding factors and a critical CpG density. These results demonstrate that proximal sequence elements are both necessary and sufficient for regulating DNA methylation and reveal basic constraints of this regulation.

Indexed as

DNA MethylationAnimalsCpG IslandsMutationPromoter Regions, GeneticStem Cells

Identifiers

PMID21964573
OpenAlexW2147593372

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.