ArticleBMC genomics2011
An attenuated strain of Bacillus anthracis (CDC 684) has a large chromosomal inversion and altered growth kinetics.
Article in BMC genomics, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers.
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Who cites it
18 citing papers in PubMed.
- Immunoprotective test and whole-genome sequencing analysis of the attenuated S02 strain ofFrontiers in microbiology · 2025Article
- Contribution of TagA-Like Glycosyltransferases to the Assembly of the Secondary Cell Wall Polysaccharide in Bacillus anthracis.Journal of bacteriology · 2022Article
- TheMicroorganisms · 2020Review
- Distinct Pathways Carry Out α and β Galactosylation of Secondary Cell Wall Polysaccharide in Bacillus anthracis.Journal of bacteriology · 2020Article
- Genome Analysis of Entomopathogenic Bacillus sp. ABP14 Isolated from a Lignocellulosic Compost.Genome biology and evolution · 2019Article
- Lineage-specific plasmid acquisition and the evolution of specialized pathogens in Bacillus thuringiensis and the Bacillus cereus group.Molecular ecology · 2018Article
- Galactosylation of the Secondary Cell Wall Polysaccharide of Bacillus anthracis and Its Contribution to Anthrax Pathogenesis.Journal of bacteriology · 2018Article
- Assembly and Function of the Bacillus anthracis S-Layer.Annual review of microbiology · 2017Review
- Widespread Impact of Chromosomal Inversions on Gene Expression Uncovers Robustness via Phenotypic Buffering.Molecular biology and evolution · 2016Article
- A novel ammonia-oxidizing archaeon from wastewater treatment plant: Its enrichment, physiological and genomic characteristics.Scientific reports · 2016Article
- Article
- Genomic and transcriptomic insights into the efficient entomopathogenicity of Bacillus thuringiensis.Scientific reports · 2015Article
- Genomic analysis of three African strains of Bacillus anthracis demonstrates that they are part of the clonal expansion of an exclusively pathogenic bacterium.New microbes and new infections · 2014Article
- Large chromosomal rearrangements during a long-term evolution experiment with Escherichia coli.mBio · 2014Article
- Systematic identification and quantification of phase variation in commensal and pathogenic Escherichia coli.Genome medicine · 2014Article
- Bacillus anthracis acetyltransferases PatA1 and PatA2 modify the secondary cell wall polysaccharide and affect the assembly of S-layer proteins.Journal of bacteriology · 2013Article
- Genome Sequence of the Attenuated Carbosap Vaccine Strain of Bacillus anthracis.Genome announcements · 2013Article
- Article
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Authors and funding
15 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundAn isolate originally labeled Bacillus megaterium CDC 684 was found to contain both pXO1 and pXO2, was non-hemolytic, sensitive to gamma-phage, and produced both the protective antigen and the poly-D-glutamic acid capsule. These phenotypes prompted Ezzell et al., (J. Clin. Microbiol. 28:223) to reclassify this isolate to Bacillus anthracis in 1990.
resultsWe demonstrate that despite these B. anthracis features, the isolate is severely attenuated in a guinea pig model. This prompted whole genome sequencing and closure. The comparative analysis of CDC 684 to other sequenced B. anthracis isolates and further analysis reveals: a) CDC 684 is a close relative of a virulent strain, Vollum A0488; b) CDC 684 defines a new B. anthracis lineage (at least 51 SNPs) that includes 15 other isolates; c) the genome of CDC 684 contains a large chromosomal inversion that spans 3.3 Mbp; d) this inversion has caused a displacement of the usual spatial orientation of the origin of replication (ori) to the termination of replication (ter) from 180° in wild-type B. anthracis to 120° in CDC 684 and e) this isolate also has altered growth kinetics in liquid media.
conclusionsWe propose two alternative hypotheses explaining the attenuated phenotype of this isolate. Hypothesis 1 suggests that the skewed ori/ter relationship in CDC 684 has altered its DNA replication and/or transcriptome processes resulting in altered growth kinetics and virulence capacity. Hypothesis 2 suggests that one or more of the single nucleotide polymorphisms in CDC 684 has altered the expression of a regulatory element or other genes necessary for virulence.
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