ReviewExpert opinion on investigational drugs2011
The evolving experience with therapeutic TNF inhibition in sepsis: considering the potential influence of risk of death.
Review in Expert opinion on investigational drugs, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 43 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
43 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 90 citations in OpenAlex.
- Antitumor necrosis factor therapy is associated with improved survival in clinical sepsis trials: a meta-analysis.Critical care medicine · 2013Pooled it
- A placebo-controlled, double-blind, dose-escalation study to assess the safety, tolerability and pharmacokinetics/pharmacodynamics of single and multiple intravenous infusions of AZD9773 in patients with severe sepsis and septic shock.Critical care (London, England) · 2012Trial
- Hydrocortisone Use for Septic Shock in Patients With CKD.Kidney international reports · 2026Article
- Decoding Host-Pathogen Dynamics inAntibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Role for IRAK-4 and p38 in Neutrophil Signaling in Response to Bacterial Lipoproteins from Staphylococcus aureus.Inflammation · 2025Article
- Inflammatory Response and Anti-Inflammatory Treatment in Persistent Inflammation-Immunosuppression-Catabolism Syndrome (PICS).Journal of inflammation research · 2025Review
- Whey protein hydrolysate mitigates both inflammation and endotoxin tolerance in THP-1 human monocytic leukemia cells.Immunity, inflammation and disease · 2022Article
- Clinical Outcome Prediction in COVID-19 Patients by Lymphocyte Subsets Analysis and Monocytes' iTNF-α Expression.Biology · 2021Article
- Screening of Key Genes of Sepsis and Septic Shock Using Bioinformatics Analysis.Journal of inflammation research · 2021Article
- Infection-induced innate antimicrobial response disorders: from signaling pathways and their modulation to selected biomarkers.Central-European journal of immunology · 2020Review
- The Pathogenesis of Sepsis and Potential Therapeutic Targets.International journal of molecular sciences · 2019Review
- Inhibition of transmembrane TNF-α shedding by a specific antibody protects against septic shock.Cell death & disease · 2019Article
- Post-Injury Neuroprotective Effects of the Thalidomide Analog 3,6'-Dithiothalidomide on Traumatic Brain Injury.International journal of molecular sciences · 2019Article
- Leukocyte-Released Mediators in Response to Both Bacterial and Fungal Infections Trigger IFN Pathways, Independent of IL-1 and TNF-α, in Endothelial Cells.Frontiers in immunology · 2019Article
- Thirty-eight-negative kinase 1 mediates trauma-induced intestinal injury and multi-organ failure.The Journal of clinical investigation · 2018Article
- Honokiol Increases CD4+ T Cell Activation and Decreases TNF but Fails to Improve Survival Following Sepsis.Shock (Augusta, Ga.) · 2018Article
- Neural pathways involved in infection-induced inflammation: recent insights and clinical implications.Clinical autonomic research : official journal of the Clinical Autonomic Research Society · 2018Review
- Tumor necrosis factor-α -308 G/A polymorphism and risk of sepsis, septic shock, and mortality: an updated meta-analysis.Oncotarget · 2017Article
- Therapeutic targeting of HMGB1 during experimental sepsis modulates the inflammatory cytokine profile to one associated with improved clinical outcomes.Scientific reports · 2017Article
- Exogenous phosphatidylcholine supplementation retrieve aluminum-induced toxicity in male albino rats.Environmental science and pollution research international · 2017Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
introductionSeptic shock is highly lethal and its incidence is increasing. Although TNF-α plays a key role in sepsis pathogenesis, past efforts to therapeutically inhibit it had limited success. However, there is continued interest in such therapies and there are now ongoing Phase II sepsis trials testing the effects of AZD9773, a TNF-directed polyclonal antibody fragment preparation. Experience with anti-inflammatory agents suggested that their efficacy may relate to sepsis-associated risk of death. AREAS COVERED: An overview of the biology of TNF and experimental data implicating TNF as a key mediator in sepsis pathogenesis; a review of the earlier clinical experience with anti-TNF therapies demonstrating that when examined across 12 trials, these agents had a highly consistent overall effect which although not reaching significance, was on the side of benefit; a review of data showing that sepsis-associated risk of death may influence the efficacy of anti-inflammatory agents like anti-TNF ones and a review of the rational and clinical experience to date with AZD9773 and its precursor, CytoFab. EXPERT OPINION: Discusses variables that may need to be accounted for to maximize the success of clinical trials in sepsis testing agents that modulate host inflammation.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.