ArticleThe Prostate2012
PSA regulates androgen receptor expression in prostate cancer cells.
Article in The Prostate, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers.
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Who cites it
18 citing papers in PubMed, 39 citations in OpenAlex.
- ECM (collagen) mediated signaling drives the emergence of androgen independence in prostate cancer cells.Biochemistry and biophysics reports · 2026Article
- Identification of a Novel Trifluoromethyl-Bearing Flavonoid as a Promising Androgen Receptor Antagonist: Structure-Based Virtual Screening and In Vitro Study.Computational and structural biotechnology journal · 2026Article
- ZBTB7B modulates the androgen receptor as an upstream regulator via colocalization and direct binding in LNCaP prostate cancer cells.Translational cancer research · 2025Article
- Review
- Effect of deep testosterone reduction on the prognosis of metastatic prostate cancer with high-volume disease.Journal of cancer research and clinical oncology · 2024Article
- Melatonin and Prostate Cancer: Anti-tumor Roles and Therapeutic Application.Aging and disease · 2023Review
- Article
- The Role of Extracellular Proteases in Tumor Progression and the Development of Innovative Metal Ion Chelators that Inhibit their Activity.International journal of molecular sciences · 2020Review
- Comprehensive role of prostate-specific antigen identified with proteomic analysis in prostate cancer.Journal of cellular and molecular medicine · 2020Article
- Understanding Failure and Improving Treatment Using HDAC Inhibitors for Prostate Cancer.Biomedicines · 2020Review
- ONC201 Targets AR and AR-V7 Signaling, Reduces PSA, and Synergizes with Everolimus in Prostate Cancer.Molecular cancer research : MCR · 2018Article
- αvβ6 Integrin Promotes Castrate-Resistant Prostate Cancer through JNK1-Mediated Activation of Androgen Receptor.Cancer research · 2016Article
- Edelfosine Promotes Apoptosis in Androgen-Deprived Prostate Tumors by Increasing ATF3 and Inhibiting Androgen Receptor Activity.Molecular cancer therapeutics · 2016Article
- Quantitative Time-Resolved Fluorescence Imaging of Androgen Receptor and Prostate-Specific Antigen in Prostate Tissue Sections.The journal of histochemistry and cytochemistry : official journal of the Histochemistry Society · 2016Article
- 27-Hydroxycholesterol stimulates cell proliferation and resistance to docetaxel-induced apoptosis in prostate epithelial cells.Medical oncology (Northwood, London, England) · 2016Article
- LHRH-conjugated micelles for targeted delivery of antiandrogen to treat advanced prostate cancer.Pharmaceutical research · 2014Article
- Spheroid culture of LuCaP 147 as an authentic preclinical model of prostate cancer subtype with SPOP mutation and hypermutator phenotype.Cancer letters · 2014Article
- Role of miRNA let-7 and its major targets in prostate cancer.BioMed research international · 2014Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
10 authors at 5 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundProstate-specific antigen (PSA) is a pivotal downstream target gene of the androgen receptor (AR), and a serum biomarker to monitor prostate cancer (PrCa) progression. It has been reported that PSA transactivates AR, but the mechanistic requirements of this response have not been investigated.
methodsWe studied the localization of PSA, AR, and Src in intracellular compartments of synthetic androgen (R1881)-stimulated LNCaP and C4-2B PrCa cells, using immunofluorescence and subcellular fractionation approaches. We also investigated the effect of downregulation of PSA on AR expression by immunoblotting and real-time PCR using short hairpin RNA (shRNA) and small interfering RNA (siRNA). Src activity was analyzed by immunoblotting.
resultsR1881 stimulation induced nuclear localization of both PSA and AR in LNCaP and C4-2B PrCa cells as well as increased phosphorylation of Src. Stable shRNA or transient siRNA knockdown of PSA resulted in reduced AR protein levels as well as AR mRNA levels in C4-2B cells. Similar to C4-2B cells, ablation of AR levels upon silencing of PSA was also confirmed in VCaP cells, another androgen-independent cell line. Silencing of PSA did not cause significant changes in Src activation; besides, Src regulation by integrins did not appear to affect AR transcriptional activity.
conclusionsPSA localizes to nuclei of androgen-stimulated PrCa cells, and controls AR mRNA and protein levels. This regulatory loop is specific for PSA, does not involve known AR activators such as Src and AKT, and may contribute to AR signaling under conditions of increasing PSA levels in patients.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.