ReviewNeuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology2012
Muscarinic and nicotinic acetylcholine receptor agonists and allosteric modulators for the treatment of schizophrenia.
Review in Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 103 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
103 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- The Impact of Citicoline/Phosphatidylserine Supplementation on Cognitive Performance and Executive Functions in Mental Disorders: A Systematic Review of Controlled Trials.Human psychopharmacology · 2026Pooled it
- Is muscarinic receptor agonist effective and tolerant for schizophrenia?BMC psychiatry · 2025Pooled it
- Antidepressants for cognitive impairment in schizophrenia--a systematic review and meta-analysis.Schizophrenia research · 2014Pooled it
- Targeting alpha-7 nicotinic neurotransmission in schizophrenia: a novel agonist strategy.Schizophrenia research · 2013Trial
- Crosstalk between neurotransmitters and NLRP3 inflammasome pathway: A narrative review.Molecular biology reports · 2026Review
- Functional Evaluation of Tetrahydroisoquinoline-Derived Ligands Reveals Distinct Modulatory Profiles at the Muscarinic M1 Receptor.ACS medicinal chemistry letters · 2026Article
- Novel drug treatments for schizophrenia.Nature reviews. Drug discovery · 2026Review
- Discovery of VU6025733 (AG06827): A Highly Selective, Orally Bioavailable, and Structurally Distinct MACS chemical neuroscience · 2026Article
- Cholinergic system in patients with chronic kidney disease: cognitive and renal implications.Nephrology, dialysis, transplantation : official publication of the European Dialysis and Transplant Association - European Renal Association · 2025Review
- Behavioral Changes inJournal of clinical medicine · 2025Article
- Molecular Underpinning of Treatment-Resistant Schizophrenia: A Putative Different Neurobiology from Treatment-Responsive Schizophrenia.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- The neuroreceptors and transporters underlying spontaneous brain activity.Communications biology · 2025Article
- Discovery of Pre-Clinical CandidateACS chemical neuroscience · 2025Article
- Using insecticidal compounds to elucidate the potential role of neurotransmitters in Lepidoptera pupal ecdysis.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Relationship between Serum Neurotransmitters and Cognitive Impairment in Adults with Obstructive Sleep Apnea.Nature and science of sleep · 2025Article
- Nicotinic and Muscarinic Acetylcholine Receptor Agonists Counteract Cognitive Impairment in a Rat Model of Doxorubicin-Induced Chemobrain via Attenuation of Multiple Programmed Cell Death Pathways.Molecular neurobiology · 2024Article
- Discovery of VU6016235: A Highly Selective, Orally Bioavailable, and Structurally Distinct Tricyclic MACS chemical neuroscience · 2024Article
- Imaging the Vesicular Acetylcholine Transporter in Schizophrenia: A Positron Emission Tomography Study Using [Biological psychiatry · 2024Article
- Discovery of VU6008677: A Structurally Distinct Tricyclic MACS medicinal chemistry letters · 2024Article
- Basal-Forebrain Cholinergic Nuclei Alterations are Associated With Medication and Cognitive Deficits Across the Schizophrenia Spectrum.Schizophrenia bulletin · 2023Article
43 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Muscarinic and nicotinic acetylcholine (ACh) receptors (mAChRs and nAChRs) are emerging as important targets for the development of novel treatments for the symptoms associated with schizophrenia. Preclinical and early proof-of-concept clinical studies have provided strong evidence that activators of specific mAChR (M(1) and M(4)) and nAChR (α(7) and α(2)β(4)) subtypes are effective in animal models of antipsychotic-like activity and/or cognitive enhancement, and in the treatment of positive and cognitive symptoms in patients with schizophrenia. While early attempts to develop selective mAChR and nAChR agonists provided important preliminary findings, these compounds have ultimately failed in clinical development due to a lack of true subtype selectivity and subsequent dose-limiting adverse effects. In recent years, there have been major advances in the discovery of highly selective activators for the different mAChR and nAChR subtypes with suitable properties for optimization as potential candidates for clinical trials. One novel strategy has been to identify ligands that activate a specific receptor subtype through actions at sites that are distinct from the highly conserved ACh-binding site, termed allosteric sites. These allosteric activators, both allosteric agonists and positive allosteric modulators, of mAChR and nAChR subtypes demonstrate unique mechanisms of action and high selectivity in vivo, and may provide innovative treatment strategies for schizophrenia.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.