Evidence map›Paper›PMID 21954144›Full record

ArticleArthritis care & research2011

Thresholds in disease activity for switching biologics in rheumatoid arthritis patients: experience from a large U.S. cohort.

Jie Zhang, Ying Shan, George Reed, Joel Kremer, Jeffrey D Greenberg, Scott Baumgartner, Jeffrey R Curtis

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Arthritis care & research, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 24 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
24citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

24 citing papers in PubMed.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Jie ZhangUniversity of Alabama at Birmingham, 35294, USA.
Ying Shan
George Reed
Joel Kremer
Jeffrey D Greenberg
Scott Baumgartner
Jeffrey R Curtis

Funding

UAB Health Services Research (HSR) Training ProgramT32HS013852 · AHRQ · UNIVERSITY OF ALABAMA AT BIRMINGHAM · PI LEVITAN, EMILY B, MUGAVERO, MICHAEL J · 2003 to 2024
$8.0M
Longitudinal Comparative Effectiveness & Safety of Biologics in AutoimmunityR01HS018517 · AHRQ · UNIVERSITY OF ALABAMA AT BIRMINGHAM · PI CURTIS, JEFFREY R. · 2009 to 2013
$2.2M
Ethnic Differences in the Risk of Fracture and Vascular DiseaseK23AR053351 · NIAMS · UNIVERSITY OF ALABAMA AT BIRMINGHAM · PI CURTIS, JEFFREY R. · 2007 to 2011
$755k
Prognostic Genetic Biomarkers in Rheumatoid ArthritisK23AR054412 · NIAMS · NEW YORK UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MEDICINE · PI GREENBERG, JEFFREY D · 2007 to 2011
$665k
UAB T32 In Comparative Effectiveness ResearchT32HS019463 · AHRQ · UNIVERSITY OF ALABAMA AT BIRMINGHAM · PI SAAG, KENNETH G · 2010 to 2010
$564k
AHRQ HHS R01 HS018517AHRQ HHS R01HS018517AHRQ HHS T32 HS013852AHRQ HHS T32HS013852AHRQ HHS T32 HS019463NIAMS NIH HHS AR053351NIAMS NIH HHS K23 AR053351NIAMS NIH HHS K23 AR054412NIAMS NIH HHS K23AR054412
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectiveTo examine the threshold in disease activity associated with switching biologic treatment regimens in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients in real-world clinical practice.

methodsUsing data from a prospective observational North American cohort of RA patients through December 30, 2009, patients who initiated a new anti-tumor necrosis factor α (anti-TNFα) agent with ≥6 months of followup were identified. Patients were classified as switchers or maintainers depending on whether they continued their anti-TNF treatment or switched (including discontinuation) within 12 months. Level of disease activity measured by the Clinical Disease Activity Index (CDAI) and Disease Activity Score in 28 joints (DAS28) at the time of the switch (corresponding followup visit for maintainers) was examined and random-effect multivariable logistic regression was used to adjust for covariates.

resultsMean age and RA duration among 1,549 eligible patients were 56.1 and 9.6 years, respectively, 80% were women, 62% were initiating their first biologic, and 30% were initiating their second biologic. At the time of the switch, the median DAS28 and CDAI score were 3.1 and 8.4 among maintainers and 4.0 and 15.2 among switchers, respectively. Maintainers also experienced a greater amount of reduction in disease activity compared with switchers (CDAI: -7.7 versus -2.3, DAS28: -1.1 versus -0.3). The threshold to switch decreased over calendar time, with the greatest amount of reduction observed among patients with moderate disease activity.

conclusionOn average, physicians and patients were willing to continue biologic treatment for patients who were at or near low disease activity. The threshold to switch decreased over time, especially among partial responders.

Indexed as

Drug SubstitutionAdultAgedAntirheumatic AgentsArthritis, RheumatoidBiological ProductsFemaleHumansLogistic ModelsMaleMiddle AgedPredictive Value of TestsProspective StudiesRegistriesSeverity of Illness IndexSurveys and QuestionnairesAntirheumatic AgentsBiological ProductsTumor Necrosis Factor-alpha

Identifiers

PMID21954144
PMCPMC3227763

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceTDM
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.