Evidence map›Paper›PMID 21953697›Full record

ArticleProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America2011

Ubiquitin ligase Nedd4 promotes alpha-synuclein degradation by the endosomal-lysosomal pathway.

George K Tofaris, Hyoung Tae Kim, Raphael Hourez, Jin-Woo Jung, Kwang Pyo Kim, Alfred L Goldberg

Open access · bronzeAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 154 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
154citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
6.5field-weighted citation impact, top 3% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

154 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 272 citations in OpenAlex.

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  15. The Ubiquitin-Proteasome System in Brain Disorders: Pathogenic Pathways, Post-Translational Tweaks, and Therapeutic Frontiers.Journal of neuroimmune pharmacology : the official journal of the Society on NeuroImmune Pharmacology · 2025
    Review
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94 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors at 3 institutions in 3 countries.

George K TofarisDepartment of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
Hyoung Tae Kim
Raphael Hourez
Jin-Woo Jung
Kwang Pyo Kim
Alfred L Goldberg
Harvard University · USKonkuk University · KRUniversity of Oxford · GB

Funding

Molecular Mechanisms that Cause Muscle AtrophyR01AR055255 · NIAMS · HARVARD MEDICAL SCHOOL · PI GOLDBERG, ALFRED L · 2008 to 2012
$1.9M
NIAMS NIH HHS R01 AR055255Parkinson's UK J-0901Parkinson's UK K-0819
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

α-Synuclein is an abundant brain protein that binds to lipid membranes and is involved in the recycling of presynaptic vesicles. In Parkinson disease, α-synuclein accumulates in intraneuronal inclusions often containing ubiquitin chains. Here we show that the ubiquitin ligase Nedd4, which functions in the endosomal-lysosomal pathway, robustly ubiquitinates α-synuclein, unlike ligases previously implicated in its degradation. Purified Nedd4 recognizes the carboxyl terminus of α-synuclein (residues 120-133) and attaches K63-linked ubiquitin chains. In human cells, Nedd4 overexpression enhances α-synuclein ubiquitination and clearance by a lysosomal process requiring components of the endosomal-sorting complex required for transport. Conversely, Nedd4 down-regulation increases α-synuclein content. In yeast, disruption of the Nedd4 ortholog Rsp5p decreases α-synuclein degradation and enhances inclusion formation and α-synuclein toxicity. In human brains, Nedd4 is present in pigmented neurons and is expressed especially strongly in neurons containing Lewy bodies. Thus, ubiquitination by Nedd4 targets α-synuclein to the endosomal-lysosomal pathway and, by reducing α-synuclein content, may help protect against the pathogenesis of Parkinson disease and other α-synucleinopathies.

Indexed as

alpha-SynucleinAmino Acid SequenceAnimalsBinding SitesBrainCell LineEndosomal Sorting Complexes Required for TransportEndosomesHEK293 CellsHumansIn Vitro TechniquesLewy BodiesLocus CoeruleusLysineLysosomesMicealpha-SynucleinEndosomal Sorting Complexes Required for TransportLysineNedd4l protein, mouseNEDD4L protein, ratNedd4 protein, humanNedd4 protein, ratNedd4 Ubiquitin Protein LigasesRecombinant ProteinsRSP5 protein, S cerevisiaeSaccharomyces cerevisiae ProteinsUbiquitin-Protein Ligase ComplexesUbiquitin-Protein Ligases

Identifiers

PMID21953697
PMCPMC3193191
OpenAlexW2127342428

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.