ReviewCNS neuroscience & therapeutics2011
Effects of cholinesterase inhibitors in Parkinson's disease dementia: a review of clinical data.
Review in CNS neuroscience & therapeutics, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 35 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
35 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 79 citations in OpenAlex.
- Cognitive training interventions for dementia and mild cognitive impairment in Parkinson's disease.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2020Pooled it
- Clinical trials of dementia with Lewy bodies and Parkinson's disease dementia.Current neurology and neuroscience reports · 2012Pooled it
- A quick test of cognitive speed can predict development of dementia in Parkinson's disease.Scientific reports · 2019Trial
- Observational
- Neuroprotective potential of Bilacunaria microcarpa extracts in Mpp+ induced SH-SY5Y cell model of Parkinson's disease.Molecular biology reports · 2026Article
- Development and external validation of a machine learning-based model for identifying advanced Parkinson's disease.Frontiers in aging neuroscience · 2026Article
- Multi-cohort machine learning identifies predictors of cognitive impairment in Parkinson's disease.NPJ digital medicine · 2025Article
- Cholinergic Basal Forebrain Integrity and Cognition in Parkinson's Disease: A Reappraisal of Magnetic Resonance Imaging Evidence.Movement disorders : official journal of the Movement Disorder Society · 2024Review
- Cholinesterase inhibitor use in amyloid PET-negative mild cognitive impairment and cognitive changes.Alzheimer's research & therapy · 2024Article
- Targeting the adenosine AChinese journal of traumatology = Zhonghua chuang shang za zhi · 2024Review
- Cognitive dysfunction in animal models of human lewy-body dementia.Frontiers in aging neuroscience · 2024Review
- Therapeutic dilemmas: cognitive enhancers and risk of falling in older adults-a clinical review.European geriatric medicine · 2023Review
- Extracellular Vesicles, Cell-Penetrating Peptides and miRNAs as Future Novel Therapeutic Interventions for Parkinson's and Alzheimer's Disease.Biomedicines · 2023Review
- Combined multidisciplinary in/outpatient rehabilitation delays definite nursing home admission in advanced Parkinson's disease patients.Frontiers in neurology · 2023Article
- Article
- Using aPharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- The Pharmacological Potential of Adenosine AMolecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
- Morphological classification and changes in dementia (Review).Experimental and therapeutic medicine · 2022Review
- From the Gut to the Brain and Back: Therapeutic Approaches for the Treatment of Network Dysfunction in Parkinson's Disease.Frontiers in neurology · 2020Review
- Novel Treatment Opportunities Against Cognitive Impairment in Parkinson's Disease with an Emphasis on Diabetes-Related Pathways.CNS drugs · 2019Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 5 institutions in 5 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
aimsCognitive impairment and dementia are common features of Parkinson's disease (PD). Patients with Parkinson's disease dementia (PDD) often have significant cholinergic defects, which may be treated with cholinesterase inhibitors (ChEIs). The objective of this review was to consider available efficacy, tolerability, and safety data from studies of ChEIs in PDD. DISCUSSIONS: A literature search resulted in the identification of 20 relevant publications. Of these, the treatment of PD patients with rivastigmine, donepezil, or galantamine was the focus of six, eleven, and two studies respectively, while one study reported use of both tacrine and donepezil. The majority of studies were small (<40 patients), with the exception of two large randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that are the main focus of this review. In the smaller studies, treatment benefits were reported on a range of outcome measures, though results were extremely variable. While the full results of a large RCT of donepezil in patients with PDD are not yet available, significant treatment differences were reported on the CIBIC-plus at the highest treatment dose. A trend toward improvement was also observed in treated patients on the ADAS-cog. The second large RCT found significant improvements in rivastigmine-treated patients compared with placebo on both the ADAS-cog (P < 0.001) and the ADCS-CGIC (P < 0.007), as well as on all secondary efficacy outcomes. Consequently, rivastigmine is now widely approved for the symptomatic treatment of mild to moderate PDD.
conclusionsTaken together, these studies suggest that ChEIs are efficacious in the treatment of PDD.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.