ArticleInternational journal of experimental pathology2011
Immunoregulatory potential of exopolysaccharide from Lactobacillus rhamnosus KL37: effects on the production of inflammatory mediators by mouse macrophages.
Article in International journal of experimental pathology, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 32 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
32 citing papers in PubMed, 91 citations in OpenAlex.
- Three Efficacy ofMicroorganisms · 2026Article
- Cell surface polysaccharides in the gut microbiota: occurrence, structure and role.Gut microbes · 2025Review
- Progress and challenges of functionalized bacterial encapsulation: A novel biotechnology for next-generation biotherapeutics.Acta pharmaceutica Sinica. B · 2025Review
- Lactobacillomics as a new notion in lactic acid bacteria research through omics integration.World journal of microbiology & biotechnology · 2025Review
- Article
- Exopolysaccharides from Limosilactobacillus reuteri: their influence on in vitro activation of porcine monocyte-derived dendritic cells - brief report.Veterinary research communications · 2024Article
- Biological Activity of Lactic Acid Bacteria Exopolysaccharides and Their Applications in the Food and Pharmaceutical Industries.Foods (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Comparative genome analysis of microbial strains marketed for probiotic interventions: an extension of the Integrated Probiotic Database.Microbiome research reports · 2024Article
- Novel Kefir Exopolysaccharides (KEPS) Mitigate Lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-Induced Systemic Inflammation in Luciferase Transgenic Mice through Inhibition of the NF-κB Pathway.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Recent advances in the biological activities of microbial exopolysaccharides.World journal of microbiology & biotechnology · 2023Review
- Implication of Paraprobiotics in Age-Associated Gut Dysbiosis and Neurodegenerative Diseases.Neuromolecular medicine · 2023Review
- Characterization of Novel Exopolysaccharides fromFoods (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- In vitro evaluation of probiotic potential and enzymatic profiling of Pichia kudriavzevii Y33 isolated from traditional home-made mango pickle.Journal, genetic engineering & biotechnology · 2022Article
- The Regulation of Micro-Organisms' Extra-Cellular Polysaccharides on Immunity: A Meta-Analysis.Foods (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Anti-Inflammatory Effects ofFoods (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Bacterial polysaccharides-A big source for prebiotics and therapeutics.Frontiers in nutrition · 2022Review
- New insights into immunomodulatory properties of lactic acid bacteria fermented herbal medicines.Frontiers in microbiology · 2022Review
- Overexpression of Capsular Polysaccharide Biosynthesis Protein inJournal of microbiology and biotechnology · 2021Article
- Probiotics and Trained Immunity.Biomolecules · 2021Review
- Exopolysaccharides as Antimicrobial Agents: Mechanism and Spectrum of Activity.Frontiers in microbiology · 2021Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The ability to produce exopolysaccharides (EPS) is widespread among lactobacilli including Lactobacillus rhamnosus, the commonly used probiotic bacteria. Exopolysaccharides are a major component of the bacterial biofilm with a well-documented impact on adherence of bacteria to host cells. However, their immunoregulatory properties are unknown. The aim of this study was to examine the immunostimulatory potential of EPS derived from L. rhamnosus KL37. We investigated the effect of EPS on the production of inflammatory mediators by mouse peritoneal macrophages and compared it with the effect of Lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Exopolysaccharides, at concentrations higher than those of LPS, stimulated production of both pro-inflammatory (TNF-α, IL-6, IL-12) and anti-inflammatory (IL-10) cytokines. Interestingly, analysis of the balance of TNF-α/IL-10 production showed a potential pro-inflammatory effect of EPS. Furthermore, our data demonstrate that exposure of macrophages to LPS induced a state of hyporesponsiveness, as indicated by reduced production of TNF-α after restimulation with either LPS or EPS ('cross-tolerance'). By contrast, EPS could make cells tolerant only to subsequent stimulation by the same stimulus. We also examined the relationship between TNF-α production and activation of mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) by EPS and LPS. Pretreatment of macrophages with specific inhibitors of p38 and ERK MAPKs reduced TNF-α production induced by both stimuli to the same extent. In conclusion, these data demonstrate that EPS can effectively stimulate production of inflammatory mediators by macrophages in vitro. However, to predict whether EPS could be clinically useful as an immunomodulatory agent, further in vivo studies with highly purified EPS are necessary.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.