ArticleProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America2011
Identification of the bacterial protein FtsX as a unique target of chemokine-mediated antimicrobial activity against Bacillus anthracis.
Article in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 29 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
29 citing papers in PubMed, 36 citations in OpenAlex.
- Chemokines kill bacteria without triggering antimicrobial resistance by binding anionic phospholipids.Science advances · 2025Article
- Antimicrobial Peptide-Poly(ethylene glycol) Conjugates: Connecting Molecular Architecture, Solution Properties, and Functional Performance.ACS polymers Au · 2024Article
- Mechanistic insights into the regulation of cell wall hydrolysis by FtsEX and EnvC at the bacterial division site.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2023Article
- Disparate Regions of the Human Chemokine CXCL10 Exhibit Broad-Spectrum Antimicrobial Activity against Biodefense and Antibiotic-Resistant Bacterial Pathogens.ACS infectious diseases · 2023Article
- Reverse Genomics: Design of Universal Epitope Sets to Isolate AllMicroorganisms · 2022Article
- Malaria parasites both repress host CXCL10 and use it as a cue for growth acceleration.Nature communications · 2021Article
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- G.I. pros: Antimicrobial defense in the gastrointestinal tract.Seminars in cell & developmental biology · 2019Review
- Mechanistic insights and therapeutic opportunities of antimicrobial chemokines.Seminars in cell & developmental biology · 2019Review
- The Opp (AmiACDEF) Oligopeptide Transporter Mediates Resistance of Serotype 2 Streptococcus pneumoniae D39 to Killing by Chemokine CXCL10 and Other Antimicrobial Peptides.Journal of bacteriology · 2018Article
- CXC Chemokines Exhibit Bactericidal Activity against Multidrug-Resistant Gram-Negative Pathogens.mBio · 2017Article
- Evolution of Antibiotic Resistance without Antibiotic Exposure.Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy · 2017Article
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- Escherichia coli Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Complex Is an Important Component of CXCL10-Mediated Antimicrobial Activity.Infection and immunity · 2016Article
- Chemokine-Derived Peptides: Novel Antimicrobial and Antineoplasic Agents.International journal of molecular sciences · 2015Review
- Architecture and roles of periplasmic adaptor proteins in tripartite efflux assemblies.Frontiers in microbiology · 2015Review
- Antimicrobial Activity of Chemokine CXCL10 for Dermal and Oral Microorganisms.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2014Article
- Flagellin-induced expression of CXCL10 mediates direct fungal killing and recruitment of NK cells to the cornea in response to Candida albicans infection.European journal of immunology · 2014Article
- Functional characterization of WalRK: A two-component signal transduction system from Bacillus anthracis.FEBS open bio · 2014Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
11 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Chemokines are a family of chemotactic cytokines that function in host defense by orchestrating cellular movement during infection. In addition to this function, many chemokines have also been found to mediate the direct killing of a range of pathogenic microorganisms through an as-yet-undefined mechanism. As an understanding of the molecular mechanism and microbial targets of chemokine-mediated antimicrobial activity is likely to lead to the identification of unique, broad-spectrum therapeutic targets for effectively treating infection, we sought to investigate the mechanism by which the chemokine CXCL10 mediates bactericidal activity against the Gram-positive bacterium Bacillus anthracis, the causative agent of anthrax. Here, we report that disruption of the gene ftsX, which encodes the transmembrane domain of a putative ATP-binding cassette transporter, affords resistance to CXCL10-mediated antimicrobial effects against vegetative B. anthracis bacilli. Furthermore, we demonstrate that in the absence of FtsX, CXCL10 is unable to localize to its presumed site of action at the bacterial cell membrane, suggesting that chemokines interact with specific, identifiable bacterial components to mediate direct microbial killing. These findings provide unique insight into the mechanism of CXCL10-mediated bactericidal activity and establish, to our knowledge, the first description of a bacterial component critically involved in the ability of host chemokines to target and kill a bacterial pathogen. These observations also support the notion of chemokine-mediated antimicrobial activity as an important foundation for the development of innovative therapeutic strategies for treating infections caused by pathogenic, potentially multidrug-resistant microorganisms.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.