ArticleJournal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950)2011
Modeling of influenza-specific CD8+ T cells during the primary response indicates that the spleen is a major source of effectors.
Article in Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950), 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 27 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
27 citing papers in PubMed, 51 citations in OpenAlex.
- Tissue-specific clonal selection and differentiation of CD4⁺ T cells during infection.Nature immunology · 2026Article
- Optimal transport fate mapping resolves T cell differentiation dynamics across tissues.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Artificial intelligence and machine learning in the development of vaccines and immunotherapeutics-yesterday, today, and tomorrow.Frontiers in artificial intelligence · 2025Review
- Role of miRNA in Highly Pathogenic H5 Avian Influenza Virus Infection: An Emphasis on Cellular and Chicken Models.Viruses · 2024Review
- Analysis of cellular kinetic models suggest that physiologically based model parameters may be inherently, practically unidentifiable.Journal of pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics · 2022Article
- Review
- Lung dendritic cells migrate to the spleen to prime long-lived TCF1Science immunology · 2021Article
- Dynamically linking influenza virus infection kinetics, lung injury, inflammation, and disease severity.eLife · 2021Article
- Immunity to Influenza Infection in Humans.Cold Spring Harbor perspectives in medicine · 2021Review
- Quantifying the limits of CAR T-cell delivery in mice and men.Journal of the Royal Society, Interface · 2021Article
- Leukocyte trafficking to the lungs and beyond: lessons from influenza for COVID-19.Nature reviews. Immunology · 2021Review
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- Parameter Estimation for Semiparametric Ordinary Differential Equation Models.Communications in statistics: theory and methods · 2019Article
- Live Imaging of Influenza Infection of the Trachea Reveals Dynamic Regulation of CD8+ T Cell Motility by Antigen.PLoS pathogens · 2016Article
- Dendritic cells serve as a "Trojan horse" for oncolytic adenovirus delivery in the treatment of mouse prostate cancer.Acta pharmacologica Sinica · 2016Article
- Multi-epitope Models Explain How Pre-existing Antibodies Affect the Generation of Broadly Protective Responses to Influenza.PLoS pathogens · 2016Article
- Peripheral Leukocyte Migration in Ferrets in Response to Infection with Seasonal Influenza Virus.PloS one · 2016Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
10 authors at 1 institution in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
The biological parameters that determine the distribution of virus-specific CD8(+) T cells during influenza infection are not all directly measurable by experimental techniques but can be inferred through mathematical modeling. Mechanistic and semimechanistic ordinary differential equations were developed to describe the expansion, trafficking, and disappearance of activated virus-specific CD8(+) T cells in lymph nodes, spleens, and lungs of mice during primary influenza A infection. An intensive sampling of virus-specific CD8(+) T cells from these three compartments was used to inform the models. Rigorous statistical fitting of the models to the experimental data allowed estimation of important biological parameters. Although the draining lymph node is the first tissue in which Ag-specific CD8(+) T cells are detected, it was found that the spleen contributes the greatest number of effector CD8(+) T cells to the lung, with rates of expansion and migration that exceeded those of the draining lymph node. In addition, models that were based on the number and kinetics of professional APCs fit the data better than those based on viral load, suggesting that the immune response is limited by Ag presentation rather than the amount of virus. Modeling also suggests that loss of effector T cells from the lung is significant and time dependent, increasing toward the end of the acute response. Together, these efforts provide a better understanding of the primary CD8(+) T cell response to influenza infection, changing the view that the spleen plays a minor role in the primary immune response.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.