ArticleInvestigative ophthalmology & visual science2011
Retinal pathway origins of the pattern electroretinogram (PERG).
Article in Investigative ophthalmology & visual science, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 66 papers.
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Who cites it
66 citing papers in PubMed, 117 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pseudo normative pattern electroretinograms in young children and infants.Graefe's archive for clinical and experimental ophthalmology = Albrecht von Graefes Archiv fur klinische und experimentelle Ophthalmologie · 2026Article
- Wavelet-Based Pattern ERG Biomarkers Outperform Temporal Amplitude Measures for Functional Stratification in Optic Nerve Disease.Translational vision science & technology · 2026Article
- Compensatory transporter upregulation facilitates retinal ganglion cell survival in glaucoma after MCT2 elimination.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2026Article
- The role of pattern electroretinogram and pattern visual-evoked potentials in ocular hypertension.Documenta ophthalmologica. Advances in ophthalmology · 2025Observational
- Multidimensional Quantification of Macular Cone Activity in Pattern Electroretinography Using Discrete Wavelet Transform.Translational vision science & technology · 2025Article
- Metabolic regulation of visual acuity.Science advances · 2025Article
- TPEN loaded poly (lactide-co-glycolide) nanoparticles promote neuroprotection and optic nerve regeneration.Materials today. Bio · 2025Article
- Variations in Oppel-Kundt Illusion Strength Among Depressive and Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorder Groups: Impact of Benzodiazepine Use.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2025Article
- Long-Term Impairment of Retinal Ganglion Cell Function After Oxygen-Induced Retinopathy.Cells · 2025Article
- Predicting OCT retinal ganglion cell volume from pattern ERGs and VEPs in children with suspected optic neuropathy in a tertiary referral setting.BMJ open ophthalmology · 2025Article
- A high-saturated, long-chain fatty acid ketogenic diet negatively impacts visual and motor-sensory function in a pre-clinical model of multiple sclerosis.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- Ambient lighting alters pattern electroretinogram P50 peak time and spatial sensitivity.Documenta ophthalmologica. Advances in ophthalmology · 2024Article
- Agonism of β3-Adrenoceptors Inhibits Pathological Retinal Angiogenesis in the Model of Oxygen-Induced Retinopathy.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2024Article
- Correlation of Visual System Biomarkers With Motor Deficits in Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis-Optic Neuritis.Translational vision science & technology · 2024Article
- Sensitivity and specificity of the uniform field electroretinogram in glaucoma detection in comparison to the pattern electroretinogram.Documenta ophthalmologica. Advances in ophthalmology · 2024Article
- Hemifield-based analysis of pattern electroretinography in normal subjects and patients with preperimetric glaucoma.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Retinal Ganglion Cell Function and Perfusion following Intraocular Pressure Reduction with Preservative-Free Latanoprost in Patients with Glaucoma and Ocular Hypertension.Journal of clinical medicine · 2024Article
- Pattern Electroretinogram in Ocular Hypertension, Glaucoma Suspect and Early Manifest Glaucoma Eyes: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.Ophthalmology science · 2023Article
- Assessment of the uniform field electroretinogram for mouse retinal ganglion cell functional analysis.Documenta ophthalmologica. Advances in ophthalmology · 2023Article
- The Role of Retinal Dysfunction in Myopia Development.Cellular and molecular neurobiology · 2023Review
6 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
purposeTo determine retinal pathway origins of pattern electroretinogram (PERG) in macaque monkeys using pharmacologic dissections, uniform-field flashes, and PERG simulations.
methodsTransient (2 Hz, 4 reversals/s) and steady state (8.3 Hz, 16.6 reversals/s) PERGs and uniform-field ERGs were recorded before and after intravitreal injections of L-AP4 (not APB) (2-amino-4-phosphonobutyric acid, 1.6-2.0 mM), to prevent ON pathway responses; PDA (cis-2,3-piperidinedicarboxylic acid, 3.3-3.8 mM), to block activity of hyperpolarizing second- and all third-order retinal neurons; and TTX (tetrodotoxin, 6 μM), to block Na+-dependent spiking. PERGs were also recorded from macaques with advanced unilateral experimental glaucoma, and were simulated by averaging ON and OFF responses to uniform-field flashes.
resultsFor 2-Hz stimulation, L-AP4 reduced both negative- and positive-going (N95 and P50) amplitudes in transient PERGs, and their counterparts, N2 and P1 in simulations, to half-amplitude. PDA eliminated N95 and N2, but increased P50 and P1 amplitudes, in that it enhanced b-waves. As previously reported, severe experimental glaucoma or TTX eliminated photopic negative responses, N95, and N2; glaucoma eliminated P50 and reduced P1 amplitude; TTX reduced P50 and hardly altered P1. For 8.3-Hz stimulation, L-AP4 eliminated the steady state PERG and reduced simulated PERG amplitude, whereas PDA enhanced both responses. TTX reduced PERG amplitude to less than half; simulations were less reduced. Blockade of all postreceptoral activity eliminated transient and steady state PERGs, but left small residual P1 in simulations.
conclusionsTransient PERG receives nearly equal amplitude contributions from ON and OFF pathways. N95 reflects spiking activity of ganglion cells; P50 reflects nonspiking activity as well. Steady state PERG, in contrast, reflects mainly spike-related ON pathway activity.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.