ReviewAdvances in experimental medicine and biology2012
Galectins as pattern recognition receptors: structure, function, and evolution.
Review in Advances in experimental medicine and biology, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 123 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
123 citing papers in PubMed, 259 citations in OpenAlex.
- Mechanisms and therapeutic implications of galectins regulating Epstein-Barr virus infection.Virus research · 2026Review
- Article
- Glycobiology-driven therapeutic targeting of glycan-binding proteins: mechanisms, diseases, and clinical translation.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2026Review
- A Zebrafish Galectin-1 Isoform Is Expressed in Skin and Gills and Binds to Bacteria, Bacterial Adhesin Receptors, and Epidermal Mucus Glycans.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- Abnormal Galectin Signaling in the Pathomechanisms of Placental Dysfunction in Gestational Diabetes Mellitus.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Galectins: Role and Therapeutics in Diabetes and Diabetic Foot Ulcers.Biomolecules · 2026Review
- Galectins at the crossroads of tumor immunity, metabolism, and metastasis: mechanisms, therapeutic resistance, and translational opportunities.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Disorder of the immune and inflammatory response involving galectin-1, -3 and -7 in women with invasive breast cancer - potential importance in diagnosis and monitoring the course of the disease.Frontiers in oncology · 2026Article
- Correlation of Galectin Family Expression with Glioblastoma Progression and Survival.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Maternal and placental galectins: key players in the feto-maternal symbiotic tango.Seminars in immunopathology · 2025Review
- The Role of Glycans in Human Immunity-A Sweet Code.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Clinical Periodontal Evaluation and Assessment of Dipeptidyl-Peptidase-4 and Galectin-3 in Gingival Crevicular Fluid of Periodontitis Patients with Heart Failure and Diabetes.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Article
- Molecular mechanisms and pathological implications of unconventional protein secretion in human disease: from cellular stress to therapeutic targeting.Molecular biology reports · 2025Review
- Tools for structural lectinomics: From structures to lectomes.BBA advances · 2025Article
- Exploring galectin interactions with human milk oligosaccharides and blood group antigens identifies BGA6 as a functional galectin-4 ligand.The Journal of biological chemistry · 2024Article
- The Possible Effects of Galectin-3 on Mechanisms of Renal and Hepatocellular Injury Induced by Intravascular Hemolysis.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- "Outcome of non-surgical periodontal treatment on Gal-1 and Gal-3 GCF levels in periodontitis patients: a case-control study".Clinical oral investigations · 2024Article
- Galectins in epithelial-mesenchymal transition: roles and mechanisms contributing to tissue repair, fibrosis and cancer metastasis.Biological research · 2024Review
- Article
- Suppression of B-Cell Activation by Human Cord Blood-Derived Stem Cells (CB-SCs) through the Galectin-9-Dependent Mechanism.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
63 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
1 author at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Galectins constitute an evolutionary conserved family of ß-galactoside-binding proteins, ubiquitous in mammals and other vertebrate taxa, invertebrates, and fungi. Since their discovery in the 1970s, their biological roles, initially understood as limited to recognition of carbohydrate ligands in embryogenesis and development, have expanded in recent years by the discovery of their immunoregulatory activities. A gradual paradigm shift has taken place in the past few years through the recognition that galectins also bind glycans on the surface of potentially pathogenic microbes, and function as recognition and effector factors in innate immunity. Further, an additional level of functional complexity has emerged with the most recent findings that some parasites "subvert" the recognition roles of the vector/host galectins for successful attachment or invasion.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.