Evidence map›Paper›PMID 21946020›Full record

ReviewBiochimica et biophysica acta2012

Proton-pumping mechanism of cytochrome c oxidase: a kinetic master-equation approach.

Young C Kim, Gerhard Hummer

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Biochimica et biophysica acta, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 30 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
30citing papers in PubMed
1.3field-weighted citation impact, top 20% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

30 citing papers in PubMed, 55 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. RLRL Therapeutic Feasibility and Potential Mechanism on Myopia.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025
    Review
  2. Structural isomerisation affects the antitubercular activity of adamantyl-isoxyl adducts.Journal of enzyme inhibition and medicinal chemistry · 2025
    Article
  3. Article
  4. Review
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Review
  8. Article
  9. Review
  10. Review
  11. Review
  12. Review
  13. Article
  14. Water-Gated Proton Transfer Dynamics in Respiratory Complex I.Journal of the American Chemical Society · 2020
    Article
  15. Article
  16. Cavity hydration dynamics in cytochromeProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2017
    Article
  17. Analyzing the electrogenicity of cytochrome c oxidase.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2016
    Article
  18. Multiscale simulations reveal key features of the proton-pumping mechanism in cytochrome c oxidase.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2016
    Article
  19. Review
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Young C KimCenter for Computational Materials Science, Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, DC 20375, USA. youngchan.kim@nrl.navy.mil
Gerhard Hummer
United States Naval Research Laboratory · US

Funding

Theory and simulation of protein dynamics, folding, and functionZIADK029033 · NIDDK · NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF DIABETES AND DIGESTIVE AND KIDNEY DISEASES · PI HUMMER, GERHARD · 2009 to 2013
$3.3M
Water, protons, and ions biomolecular systemsZIADK029036 · NIDDK · NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF DIABETES AND DIGESTIVE AND KIDNEY DISEASES · PI HUMMER, GERHARD · 2009 to 2012
$1.9M
Intramural NIH HHS ZIA DK029036
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Cytochrome c oxidase is an efficient energy transducer that reduces oxygen to water and converts the released chemical energy into an electrochemical membrane potential. As a true proton pump, cytochrome c oxidase translocates protons across the membrane against this potential. Based on a wealth of experiments and calculations, an increasingly detailed picture of the reaction intermediates in the redox cycle has emerged. However, the fundamental mechanism of proton pumping coupled to redox chemistry remains largely unresolved. Here we examine and extend a kinetic master-equation approach to gain insight into redox-coupled proton pumping in cytochrome c oxidase. Basic principles of the cytochrome c oxidase proton pump emerge from an analysis of the simplest kinetic models that retain essential elements of the experimentally determined structure, energetics, and kinetics, and that satisfy fundamental physical principles. The master-equation models allow us to address the question of how pumping can be achieved in a system in which all reaction steps are reversible. Whereas proton pumping does not require the direct modulation of microscopic reaction barriers, such kinetic gating greatly increases the pumping efficiency. Further efficiency gains can be achieved by partially decoupling the proton uptake pathway from the active-site region. Such a mechanism is consistent with the proposed Glu valve, in which the side chain of a key glutamic acid shuttles between the D channel and the active-site region. We also show that the models predict only small proton leaks even in the absence of turnover. The design principles identified here for cytochrome c oxidase provide a blueprint for novel biology-inspired fuel cells, and the master-equation formulation should prove useful also for other molecular machines. .

Indexed as

Protein Structure, TertiaryProtonsAlgorithmsAnimalsBiological TransportCattleElectron Transport Complex IVKineticsModels, BiologicalModels, MolecularElectron Transport Complex IVProtons

Identifiers

PMID21946020
PMCPMC3249012
OpenAlexW2173587397

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.