Evidence map›Paper›PMID 21944928›Full record

ArticleFertility and sterility2011

Smaller fetal size in singletons after infertility therapies: the influence of technology and the underlying infertility.

Amber R Cooper, Kathleen E O'Neill, Jenifer E Allsworth, Emily S Jungheim, Anthony O Odibo, Diana L Gray, Valerie S Ratts, Kelle H Moley, Randall R Odem

Open access · greenAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Fertility and sterility, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 23 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
23citing papers in PubMed, 2 pooled it
7.9field-weighted citation impact, top 3% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

23 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 55 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Pooled it
  3. Trial
  4. Effect of Perinatal and Maternal Factors on Blood Pressure and Adiposity at Age 3.Journal of clinical hypertension (Greenwich, Conn.) · 2026
    Observational
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  8. The Impact of Endometriosis on Pregnancy.Journal of personalized medicine · 2024
    Review
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  11. Review
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  13. Observational
  14. Review
  15. Article
  16. Article
  17. Is the wrong question being asked in infertility research?Journal of assisted reproduction and genetics · 2016
    Article
  18. Article
  19. Article
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Amber R CooperDivision of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, Barnes-Jewish Hospital, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri 63108, USA. coopera@wustl.edu
Kathleen E O'Neill
Jenifer E Allsworth
Emily S Jungheim
Anthony O Odibo
Diana L Gray
Valerie S Ratts
Kelle H Moley
Randall R Odem
Jewish Hospital · USBarnes-Jewish Hospital · US

Funding

Washington University Institute of Clinical and Translational Sciences (UL1)UL1RR024992 · NCRR · WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY · PI EVANOFF, BRADLEY A · 2007 to 2011
$45.4M
Washington University Institute of Clinical and Translational SciencesUL1TR000448 · NCATS · WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY · PI EVANOFF, BRADLEY A · 2012 to 2016
$41.4M
Washington University Institute of Clinical and Translational Sciences (KL2)KL2RR024994 · NCRR · WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY · PI EVANOFF, BRADLEY A · 2007 to 2011
$8.6M
A National Training Program in Reproductive MedicineT32HD040135 · NICHD · UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA · PI COUTIFARIS, CHRISTOS · 2002 to 2016
$3.6M
GLUTS AND GLUCOSE TRANSPORT IN THE MOUSE BLASTOCYSTR01HD040390 · NICHD · WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY · PI MOLEY, KELLE H · 2002 to 2012
$2.6M
Women's Reproductive Health Research Career Development Program at W.U., St LouisK12HD063086 · NICHD · WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY · PI MACONES, GEORGE A · 2009 to 2013
$2.6M
NCATS NIH HHS UL1 TR000448NCRR NIH HHS KL2 RR024994NCRR NIH HHS KL2RR024994NCRR NIH HHS UL1 RR024992NCRR NIH HHS UL1RR024992NICHD NIH HHS 2 T32 HD040135-07NICHD NIH HHS K12 HD063086NICHD NIH HHS K12HD063086-01NICHD NIH HHS R01 HD040390NICHD NIH HHS R01HD40390NICHD NIH HHS T32 HD040135
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectiveTo determine whether fetal size differences exist between matched fertile and infertile women and among women with infertility achieving pregnancy through various treatment modalities.

designRetrospective cohort study with propensity score analysis.

settingTertiary care center and affiliated community hospitals. PATIENT(S): 1,246 fertile and 461 infertile healthy women with singleton livebirths over a 10-year period. INTERVENTION(S): Infertile women conceiving without medical assistance, with ovulation induction, or with in vitro fertilization. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): Birthweight; secondary outcomes included crown-rump length, second-trimester estimated fetal weight, and incidence of low birth weight and preterm delivery. RESULT(S): Compared with matched fertile women, infertile women had smaller neonates at birth (3,375 ± 21 vs. 3,231 ± 21 g) and more low-birth-weight infants (relative risk = 1.68, 95% confidence interval, 1.06, 2.67). Neonates conceived via ovulation induction were the smallest among the infertility subgroups compared with the neonates of fertile women (3,092 ± 46 vs. 3,397 ± 44 g). First-trimester fetal size was smaller in infertile versus fertile women (crown-rump length 7.9 ± 0.1 vs. 8.5 ± 0.1 mm). Within the infertility subgroups, no differences in fetal or neonatal size were found. CONCLUSION(S): The inherent pathologic processes associated with infertility may have a larger impact on fetal growth than infertility therapies.

Indexed as

Fetal DevelopmentPregnancy OutcomeAdultBirth WeightCrown-Rump LengthFemaleFetal Growth RetardationFetal WeightGestational AgeHumansInfant, Low Birth WeightInfant, NewbornInfant, PrematureInfertility, FemaleLinear ModelsMissouri

Identifiers

PMID21944928
PMCPMC3212582
OpenAlexW2009839699

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.