Evidence map›Paper›PMID 21942932›Full record

SynthesisBMC geriatrics2011

Cognitive and memory training in adults at risk of dementia: a systematic review.

Nicola J Gates, Perminder S Sachdev, Maria A Fiatarone Singh, Michael Valenzuela

Registry-linked trialOpen access · goldAbstract readSystematic Review
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Synthesis in BMC geriatrics, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT06417034 (Hand Training Device For Cognitive Care), which is not on this map. Cited by 107 papers, 20 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
107citing papers in PubMed, 20 pooled it
10.2field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT06417034 nacompletednot on this mapstarted 2022, after this paper: background citation

Hand Training Device For Cognitive Care

TypeinterventionalSponsorNational Cheng-Kung University HospitalRan2022 to 2022Enrolled80ConditionsHealthy Elderly, Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI)ArmsGame Software
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

107 citing papers in PubMed, 20 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 316 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Effects of cognitive rehabilitation in Parkinson disease: a meta-analysis.Neurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology · 2022
    Pooled it
  3. Pooled it
  4. Pooled it
  5. Pooled it
  6. Pooled it
  7. Cognitive training for people with mild to moderate dementia.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2019
    Pooled it
  8. Pooled it
  9. Pooled it
  10. Pooled it
  11. Pooled it
  12. Pooled it
  13. Pooled it
  14. Pooled it
  15. Pooled it
  16. Pooled it
  17. Pooled it
  18. Cognitive interventions targeting subjective cognitive complaints.American journal of Alzheimer's disease and other dementias · 2013
    Pooled it
  19. Treatment for mild cognitive impairment: systematic review.The British journal of psychiatry : the journal of mental science · 2013
    Pooled it
  20. Pooled it

47 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.

Nicola J GatesSchool of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, RandwickNSW 2031, Australia. nicola.gates@student.unsw.edu.au
Perminder S Sachdev
Maria A Fiatarone Singh
Michael Valenzuela
UNSW Sydney · AUBoston University · US

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundEffective non-pharmacological cognitive interventions to prevent Alzheimer's dementia or slow its progression are an urgent international priority. The aim of this review was to evaluate cognitive training trials in individuals with mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and evaluate the efficacy of training in memory strategies or cognitive exercises to determine if cognitive training could benefit individuals at risk of developing dementia.

methodsA systematic review of eligible trials was undertaken, followed by effect size analysis. Cognitive training was differentiated from other cognitive interventions not meeting generally accepted definitions, and included both cognitive exercises and memory strategies.

resultsTen studies enrolling a total of 305 subjects met criteria for cognitive training in MCI. Only five of the studies were randomized controlled trials. Meta-analysis was not considered appropriate due to the heterogeneity of interventions. Moderate effects on memory outcomes were identified in seven trials. Cognitive exercises (relative effect sizes ranged from .10 to 1.21) may lead to greater benefits than memory strategies (.88 to -1.18) on memory.

conclusionsPrevious conclusions of a lack of efficacy for cognitive training in MCI may have been influenced by not clearly defining the intervention. Our systematic review found that cognitive exercises can produce moderate-to-large beneficial effects on memory-related outcomes. However, the number of high quality RCTs remains low, and so further trials must be a priority. Several suggestions for the better design of cognitive training trials are provided.

Indexed as

CognitionMemoryAdultCognition DisordersCognitive DysfunctionDementiaHumansRandomized Controlled Trials as TopicRisk Factors

Identifiers

PMID21942932
PMCPMC3191477
OpenAlexW2064307988

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.