Evidence map›Paper›PMID 21942368›Full record

ReviewAnnual review of genetics2011

Sex in fungi.

Min Ni, Marianna Feretzaki, Sheng Sun, Xuying Wang, Joseph Heitman

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Annual review of genetics, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 153 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
153citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

153 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Review
  9. Repeated losses of self-fertility shaped heterozygosity and polyploidy in yeast evolution.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2026
    Article
  10. Article
  11. Review
  12. Genetic and environmental control of parasexual reproduction in the pathogenicMicrobiology and molecular biology reviews : MMBR · 2025
    Review
  13. Article
  14. Dissecting the homeodomainbioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025
    Article
  15. Mating and Pathogenicity of the DominantJournal of fungi (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025
    Article
  16. Unisexual reproduction in the global human fungal pathogenProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2025
    Article
  17. Unisexual reproduction in the global human fungal pathogenbioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025
    Article
  18. Article
  19. Article
  20. Review

93 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Min NiDepartment of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina 27710, USA. heitm001@duke.edu
Marianna Feretzaki
Sheng Sun
Xuying Wang
Joseph Heitman

Funding

Tri-Institutional Molecular Mycology and Pathogenesis Training ProgramT32AI052080 · NIAID · DUKE UNIVERSITY · PI ANDREW ALSPAUGH, JOSEPH HEITMAN · 2003 to 2026
$8.7M
Structure, function, and evolution of the Cryptococcus MAT locusR01AI050113 · NIAID · DUKE UNIVERSITY · PI HEITMAN, JOSEPH · 2002 to 2024
$8.5M
ROLE OF CALCINEURIN IN C. NEOFORMANS MATING AND FRUITINGR01AI039115 · NIAID · DUKE UNIVERSITY · PI HEITMAN, JOSEPH · 1997 to 2025
$6.7M
Genetics of Cryptococcus sexual reproductionR37AI039115 · NIAID · DUKE UNIVERSITY · PI HEITMAN, JOSEPH · 2011 to 2020
$4.9M
Sexual reproduction and virulence of zygomycete fungiR21AI085331 · NIAID · DUKE UNIVERSITY · PI HEITMAN, JOSEPH · 2010 to 2011
$427k
NIAID NIH HHS AI085331NIAID NIH HHS AI39115NIAID NIH HHS AI50113NIAID NIH HHS R01 AI039115NIAID NIH HHS R01 AI050113NIAID NIH HHS R21 AI085331NIAID NIH HHS R37 AI039115NIAID NIH HHS T32 AI052080NIAID NIH HHS T32-AI52080
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Sexual reproduction enables genetic exchange in eukaryotic organisms as diverse as fungi, animals, plants, and ciliates. Given its ubiquity, sex is thought to have evolved once, possibly concomitant with or shortly after the origin of eukaryotic organisms themselves. The basic principles of sex are conserved, including ploidy changes, the formation of gametes via meiosis, mate recognition, and cell-cell fusion leading to the production of a zygote. Although the basic tenants are shared, sex determination and sexual reproduction occur in myriad forms throughout nature, including outbreeding systems with more than two mating types or sexes, unisexual selfing, and even examples in which organisms switch mating type. As robust and diverse genetic models, fungi provide insights into the molecular nature of sex, sexual specification, and evolution to advance our understanding of sexual reproduction and its impact throughout the eukaryotic tree of life.

Indexed as

Evolution, MolecularAneuploidyChromosomes, FungalFungiGenes, Mating Type, FungalGenetic LociGerm CellsInheritance PatternsMitochondriaMyceliumRecombination, GeneticReproductionSex ChromosomesSignal TransductionSpores, Fungal

Identifiers

PMID21942368
PMCPMC3310392

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.