Trial reportExperimental and clinical psychopharmacology2012
Effects of varenicline and bupropion on cognitive processes among nicotine-deprived smokers.
Trial report in Experimental and clinical psychopharmacology, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 28 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
28 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Effects of varenicline and bupropion on laboratory smoking outcomes: Meta-analysis of randomized, placebo-controlled human laboratory studies.Addiction biology · 2022Pooled it
- Deprivation Has Inconsistent Effects on Delay Discounting: A Review.Frontiers in behavioral neuroscience · 2022Pooled it
- A meta-analysis of the effects of antidepressants on cognitive functioning in depressed and non-depressed samples.Neuropsychology review · 2018Pooled it
- The effect of varenicline on mood and cognition in smokers with HIV.Psychopharmacology · 2020Trial
- Effects of varenicline on cognitive performance in heavy drinkers: Dose-response effects and associations with drinking outcomes.Experimental and clinical psychopharmacology · 2018Trial
- Effect of Varenicline Combined with High-Dose Alcohol on Craving, Subjective Intoxication, Perceptual Motor Response, and Executive Cognitive Function in Adults with Alcohol Use Disorders: Preliminary Findings.Alcoholism, clinical and experimental research · 2016Trial
- Length of smoking deprivation moderates the effects of alcohol administration on urge to smoke.Addictive behaviors · 2014Trial
- Developing and validating a human laboratory model to screen medications for smoking cessation.Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2012Trial
- Effects of 21 days of varenicline versus placebo on smoking behaviors and urges among non-treatment seeking smokers.Journal of psychopharmacology (Oxford, England) · 2012Trial
- The effects of varenicline on attention and inhibitory control among treatment-seeking smokers.Psychopharmacology · 2012Trial
- Smoking cessation pharmacotherapy; varenicline or bupropion?Daru : journal of Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences · 2024Review
- Targeting GLP-1 receptors to reduce nicotine use disorder: Preclinical and clinical evidence.Physiology & behavior · 2024Review
- The Use of Nonmonetary Outcomes in Health-Related Delay Discounting Research: Review and Recommendations.Perspectives on behavior science · 2024Review
- Changes in distinct brain systems identified with fMRI during smoking cessation treatment with varenicline: a review.Psychopharmacology · 2024Review
- Cognitive rigidity and BDNF-mediated frontostriatal glutamate neuroadaptations during spontaneous nicotine withdrawal.Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology · 2020Article
- Alterations in resting-state functional connectivity in substance use disorders and treatment implications.Progress in neuro-psychopharmacology & biological psychiatry · 2019Review
- Impact of Substance Use Disorder Pharmacotherapy on Executive Function: A Narrative Review.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2019Review
- Pharmacotherapies for decreasing maladaptive choice in drug addiction: Targeting the behavior and the drug.Pharmacology, biochemistry, and behavior · 2018Review
- Cognitive Effects of Nicotine: Recent Progress.Current neuropharmacology · 2018Review
- Compromised neuroplasticity in cigarette smokers under nicotine withdrawal is restituted by the nicotinic αScientific reports · 2017Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Nicotine deprivation is associated with craving, negative affect, and difficulty concentrating, which may contribute to subsequent relapse. Bupropion and varenicline are both effective treatments for smoking cessation, and evidence from clinical trials suggests that these treatments increase abstinence rates. However, the mechanism by which these medications reduce relapse remains unclear. Recent research has focused on cognitive processes, such as attention and working memory, which may predict relapse. In addition, there may also be sex differences in cognitive-related deficits during nicotine deprivation. The current sample consisted of 58 (22 females) daily smokers (at least 10 cigarettes per day) randomized to receive bupropion (300 mg/day), varenicline (2 mg/day), or placebo. After a 1-week run-up phase, participants completed a 9.5-hr laboratory session after overnight abstinence (CO verified). Participants completed measures of attention (Conners' Continuous Performance Task [CPT]), working memory (digits backward), and delay discounting. Measures of craving, withdrawal, and mood were also collected. Between-subjects ANCOVA models revealed that varenicline speeded reaction time, but reduced accuracy on the CPT compared with placebo. Sex moderated the effect of bupropion compared with placebo on working memory and delay discounting. Bupropion enhanced working memory for females but not males, and this pattern was reversed for delay discounting. The current data highlight the complex processes associated with nicotine deprivation and the need for future research to examine whether cognitive-related deficits are related to relapse. Identifying these mechanisms may help in the development of new pharmacological treatments.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.