Trial reportThe Journal of clinical psychiatry2011
Time to treatment response in first-episode schizophrenia: should acute treatment trials last several months?
Trial report in The Journal of clinical psychiatry, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT00000374 (Preventing Morbidity in First-Episode Schizophrenia), which is not on this map. Cited by 35 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Preventing Morbidity in First-Episode Schizophrenia
Who cites it
35 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 80 citations in OpenAlex.
- Early Non-Response to Antipsychotic Treatment in Schizophrenia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Evidence-Based Management Options.CNS drugs · 2023Pooled it
- Early non-response as a predictor of later non-response to antipsychotics in schizophrenia: a randomized trial.BMC medicine · 2023Trial
- Aripiprazole vs Risperidone Head-to-Head Effectiveness in First-Episode Non-Affective-Psychosis: A 3-Month Randomized, Flexible-Dose, Open-Label Clinical Trial.The international journal of neuropsychopharmacology · 2022Trial
- Time to Clinical Response in the Treatment of Early Onset Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorders Study.Journal of child and adolescent psychopharmacology · 2021Trial
- A potential role for adjunctive omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids for depression and anxiety symptoms in recent onset psychosis: Results from a 16 week randomized placebo-controlled trial for participants concurrently treated with risperidone.Schizophrenia research · 2019Trial
- A Pilot Study of the Usefulness of a Single Olanzapine Plasma Concentration as an Indicator of Early Drug Effect in a Small Sample of First-Episode Psychosis Patients.Journal of clinical psychopharmacology · 2017Trial
- Baseline Striatal Functional Connectivity as a Predictor of Response to Antipsychotic Drug Treatment.The American journal of psychiatry · 2016Trial
- Early response or nonresponse at week 2 and week 3 predict ultimate response or nonresponse in adolescents with schizophrenia treated with olanzapine: results from a 6-week randomized, placebo-controlled trial.European child & adolescent psychiatry · 2015Trial
- Relationship of Cognition to Clinical Response in First-Episode Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorders.Schizophrenia bulletin · 2015Trial
- A Randomized Comparison of Aripiprazole and Risperidone for the Acute Treatment of First-Episode Schizophrenia and Related Disorders: 3-Month Outcomes.Schizophrenia bulletin · 2015Trial
- Impact of atypical antipsychotics on cytokine profiles in schizophrenia: An 8-week longitudinal study.Indian journal of pharmacology · 2026Article
- Trajectories of psychotic symptoms and fronto-parietal resting state functional connectivity MRI following an antipsychotic trial in medication-naïve first-episode psychosis patients.Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology · 2026Article
- Article
- Bioenergetic and early treatment response stratification (BIOERES): a two-variable prognostic model for early identification of treatment-resistance schizophrenia.Translational psychiatry · 2026Article
- Latent Trajectories of Positive, Negative Symptoms and Functioning in Early Intervention Services for First-Episode Psychosis: A 2-Year Follow-Up Study.Schizophrenia bulletin · 2025Article
- Changes in glutamate levels in anterior cingulate cortex following 16 weeks of antipsychotic treatment in antipsychotic-naïve first-episode psychosis patients.Psychological medicine · 2025Article
- Modulation of neuroinflammation and oxidative stress by targeting GPR55 - new approaches in the treatment of psychiatric disorders.Molecular psychiatry · 2024Review
- Higher-Order Intrinsic Brain Network Trajectories After Antipsychotic Treatment in Medication-Naïve Patients With First-Episode Psychosis.Biological psychiatry · 2024Article
- Onset of Action of Selected Second-Generation Antipsychotics (Pines)-A Systematic Review and Meta-Analyses.Biomedicines · 2022Review
- The effect of antipsychotics on glutamate levels in the anterior cingulate cortex and clinical response: AFrontiers in psychiatry · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveResponse patterns may differ between patients with first-episode and multiepisode schizophrenia. This analysis explored trial duration with first-episode patients and asked whether early limited improvement predicts ultimate lack of treatment response with first-episode patients as it does with multiepisode patients.
methodOne hundred twelve subjects (mean age = 23.3 years, SD = 5.1 years) who presented between November 1998 and October 2004 with a first episode of psychosis and had a DSM-IV diagnosis of schizophrenia or schizophreniform or schizoaffective disorder were randomly assigned to treatment with olanzapine or risperidone for 16 weeks. Treatment response, the primary outcome measure, was defined as a rating of mild or better on all of the positive symptom items on the Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia Change Version With Psychosis and Disorganization Items. Response rates were calculated for each study week. A logistic regression analysis examined the association between percentage reduction in symptom severity scores from baseline values at weeks 2, 4, or 8 and response by week 16. The study was conducted at The Zucker Hillside Hospital, Glen Oaks, New York and the Bronx-Lebanon Hospital Center, Bronx, New York.
resultsThe estimated cumulative response rate was 39.59% (95% CI, 29.77%-49.41%) by week 8 and 65.19% (95% CI, 55.11%-75.27%) by week 16. The confidence intervals for estimated response at weeks 10, 12, 14, and 16 were not distinct. Response rates increased approximately 5 to 6 percentage points each 2-week interval between week 10 and 16. Percentage reduction in symptom severity score at week 4 (but not 2 or 8) was associated (χ²₁ = 3.96; P < .05) with responder status at week 16 (odds ratio = 1.03; 95% CI, 1.00-1.05). However, receiver operating characteristic curves did not suggest any level of percentage symptom reduction that would be clinically useful as a predictor of response by week 16.
conclusionsMany first-episode patients respond between weeks 8 and 16 of treatment with a single antipsychotic medication. Limited early symptom improvement does not identify those first-episode patients who will not improve with a full 16-week trial with enough accuracy to be clinically useful.
trial registrationclinicaltrials.gov Identifier: NCT00000374.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.