ArticleJournal of virology2011
A double-inactivated severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus vaccine provides incomplete protection in mice and induces increased eosinophilic proinflammatory pulmonary response upon challenge.
Article in Journal of virology, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT04934111 (A Clinical Trial to Assess the Safety and Immunogenicity of LNP-nCOV saRNA-02, a Self-amplifying Ribonucleic Acid), which is not on this map. Cited by 333 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
A Clinical Trial to Assess the Safety and Immunogenicity of LNP-nCOV saRNA-02, a Self-amplifying Ribonucleic Acid (saRNA) Vaccine, in SARS-CoV-2 Seronegative and Seropositive Uganda Population
Who cites it
333 citing papers in PubMed, 501 citations in OpenAlex.
- A self-amplifying mRNA SARS-CoV-2 vaccine candidate induces safe and robust protective immunity in preclinical models.Molecular therapy : the journal of the American Society of Gene Therapy · 2022Trial
- Efficacy and Safety of the mRNA-1273 SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine.The New England journal of medicine · 2021Trial
- Mechanisms of antibody-dependent enhancement and its research progress in animal coronaviruses.Veterinary research · 2026Review
- Review
- Article
- FcγR-ACE2 cooperative antibody-dependent enhancement in human and veterinary coronaviruses: mechanistic insights, comparative immunology, and implications for nano-engineered immunomodulatory platforms.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Monocyte-eosinophil signaling axis promotes vaccine-mediated protection against SARS-CoV-2.PLoS pathogens · 2025Article
- Efficacy of Immunostimulatory Adjuvants and Nano-Adjuvants in Current SARS-CoV-2 Vaccines: A Comprehensive Review.Health science reports · 2025Article
- Prior human endemic coronavirus exposure does not affect humoral responses to SARS-CoV-2 protein vaccines.NPJ vaccines · 2025Article
- Hamsters immunized with formalin-inactivated SARS-CoV-2 develop accelerated lung histopathological lesions and Th2-biased response following infection.NPJ vaccines · 2025Article
- Unexpected hypereosinophilia after Sinopharm vaccination: a case report.BMC infectious diseases · 2025Article
- Differential efficacy of first licensed western vaccines protecting without immunopathogenesis Wuhan-1-challenged hamsters from severe COVID-19.NPJ vaccines · 2025Article
- Eosinophils and COVID-19: Insights into immune complexity and vaccine safety.Clinical and translational allergy · 2025Review
- A Dual-Adjuvanted Parenteral-Intranasal Subunit Nanovaccine generates Robust Systemic and Mucosal Immunity Against SARS-CoV-2 in Mice.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2024Article
- Adjuvants to the S1-subunit of the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein vaccine improve antibody and T cell responses and surrogate neutralization in mice.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Preclinical assessment of a recombinant RBD-Fc fusion protein as SARS-CoV-2 candidate vaccine.European journal of microbiology & immunology · 2024Article
- Emerging and reemerging infectious diseases: global trends and new strategies for their prevention and control.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2024Review
- COVID-19: vaccination, therapeutics and a review of the science and public health.Annals of medicine and surgery (2012) · 2024Review
- Determinants of Parental Vaccine Hesitancy During the COVID-19 Era in Saudi Arabia: A Cross-Sectional Survey.Cureus · 2024Article
- Ally, adversary, or arbitrator? The context-dependent role of eosinophils in vaccination for respiratory viruses and subsequent breakthrough infections.Journal of leukocyte biology · 2024Review
273 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
11 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV) is an important emerging virus that is highly pathogenic in aged populations and is maintained with great diversity in zoonotic reservoirs. While a variety of vaccine platforms have shown efficacy in young-animal models and against homologous viral strains, vaccine efficacy has not been thoroughly evaluated using highly pathogenic variants that replicate the acute end stage lung disease phenotypes seen during the human epidemic. Using an adjuvanted and an unadjuvanted double-inactivated SARS-CoV (DIV) vaccine, we demonstrate an eosinophilic immunopathology in aged mice comparable to that seen in mice immunized with the SARS nucleocapsid protein, and poor protection against a nonlethal heterologous challenge. In young and 1-year-old animals, we demonstrate that adjuvanted DIV vaccine provides protection against lethal disease in young animals following homologous and heterologous challenge, although enhanced immune pathology and eosinophilia are evident following heterologous challenge. In the absence of alum, DIV vaccine performed poorly in young animals challenged with lethal homologous or heterologous strains. In contrast, DIV vaccines (both adjuvanted and unadjuvanted) performed poorly in aged-animal models. Importantly, aged animals displayed increased eosinophilic immune pathology in the lungs and were not protected against significant virus replication. These data raise significant concerns regarding DIV vaccine safety and highlight the need for additional studies of the molecular mechanisms governing DIV-induced eosinophilia and vaccine failure, especially in the more vulnerable aged-animal models of human disease.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.