Evidence map›Paper›PMID 21933448›Full record

ArticleJournal of biomedical science2011

Ceftriaxone attenuates hypoxic-ischemic brain injury in neonatal rats.

Pei Chun Lai, Yen Ta Huang, Chia Chen Wu, Ching-Jung Lai, Pen Jung Wang, Ted H Chiu

Open access · diamondAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of biomedical science, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 28 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
28citing papers in PubMed
5.2field-weighted citation impact, top 5% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

28 citing papers in PubMed, 46 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Role of astrocytes in the pathogenesis of perinatal brain injury.Molecular medicine (Cambridge, Mass.) · 2025
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  19. Glutamate and GABA imbalance following traumatic brain injury.Current neurology and neuroscience reports · 2015
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Pei Chun LaiInstitute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan.
Yen Ta Huang
Chia Chen Wu
Ching-Jung Lai
Pen Jung Wang
Ted H Chiu
Tzu Chi University · TWBuddhist Tzu Chi General Hospital · TW

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundPerinatal brain injury is the leading cause of subsequent neurological disability in both term and preterm baby. Glutamate excitotoxicity is one of the major factors involved in perinatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE). Glutamate transporter GLT1, expressed mainly in mature astrocytes, is the major glutamate transporter in the brain. HIE induced excessive glutamate release which is not reuptaked by immature astrocytes may induce neuronal damage. Compounds, such as ceftriaxone, that enhance the expression of GLT1 may exert neuroprotective effect in HIE.

methodsWe used a neonatal rat model of HIE by unilateral ligation of carotid artery and subsequent exposure to 8% oxygen for 2 hrs on postnatal day 7 (P7) rats. Neonatal rats were administered three dosages of an antibiotic, ceftriaxone, 48 hrs prior to experimental HIE. Neurobehavioral tests of treated rats were assessed. Brain sections from P14 rats were examined with Nissl and immunohistochemical stain, and TUNEL assay. GLT1 protein expression was evaluated by Western blot and immunohistochemistry.

resultsPre-treatment with 200 mg/kg ceftriaxone significantly reduced the brain injury scores and apoptotic cells in the hippocampus, restored myelination in the external capsule of P14 rats, and improved the hypoxia-ischemia induced learning and memory deficit of P23-24 rats. GLT1 expression was observed in the cortical neurons of ceftriaxone treated rats.

conclusionThese results suggest that pre-treatment of infants at risk for HIE with ceftriaxone may reduce subsequent brain injury.

Indexed as

AnimalsAnimals, NewbornAstrocytesBlotting, WesternCeftriaxoneExcitatory Amino Acid Transporter 2Gene Expression RegulationGlutamic AcidHippocampusHypoxia-Ischemia, BrainImmunohistochemistryIn Situ Nick-End LabelingNeuropsychological TestsRatsCeftriaxoneExcitatory Amino Acid Transporter 2Glutamic Acid

Identifiers

PMID21933448
PMCPMC3191508
OpenAlexW2085024380

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.