ArticleProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America2011
A dilution effect in the emerging amphibian pathogen Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis.
Article in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 41 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
41 citing papers in PubMed, 115 citations in OpenAlex.
- Leaf Litter Leachate Limits Fungal Pathogen Growth but Not Amphibian Infection.Ecology and evolution · 2026Article
- Human disturbance and higher temperatures are linked to amphibian chytrid fungus in Catalonia, Northeastern Spain.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Beyond Species Richness: The Importance of Phylogenetic Dimensions of Biodiversity in Disease Ecology.Integrative and comparative biology · 2025Review
- Non-linear effects of non-host diversity on the removal of free-living infective stages of parasites.Oecologia · 2024Article
- Ecological Barriers for an Amphibian Pathogen: A Narrow Ecological Niche forJournal of fungi (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Experimental evidence that host species composition alters host-pathogen dynamics in a ranavirus-amphibian assemblage.Ecology · 2023Article
- Can predators stabilize host-parasite interactions? Changes in aquatic predator identity alter amphibian responses and parasite abundance across life stages.Ecology and evolution · 2022Article
- Dilution of Epidemic Potential of Environmentally Transmitted Infectious Diseases for Species with Partially Overlapping Habitats.The American naturalist · 2022Article
- Chytridiomycosis in Asian Amphibians, a Global Resource forJournal of the Indian Institute of Science · 2021Review
- Assessing amphibian disease risk across tropical streams while accounting for imperfect pathogen detection.Oecologia · 2020Article
- Low-load pathogen spillover predicts shifts in skin microbiome and survival of a terrestrial-breeding amphibian.Proceedings. Biological sciences · 2019Article
- Infection withEcology and evolution · 2019Article
- The influence of landscape and environmental factors on ranavirus epidemiology in a California amphibian assemblage.Freshwater biology · 2018Article
- Evolutionary rescue in a host-pathogen system results in coexistence not clearance.Evolutionary applications · 2018Article
- Effects of host species and environmental factors on the prevalence of Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis in northern Europe.PloS one · 2018Article
- Prevalence and genetic diversity ofEcology and evolution · 2017Article
- Host niche may determine disease-driven extinction risk.PloS one · 2017Article
- Article
- Overview of chytrid emergence and impacts on amphibians.Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences · 2016Review
- Joint effects of habitat, zooplankton, host stage structure and diversity on amphibian chytrid.Proceedings. Biological sciences · 2016Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Global declines in biodiversity are altering disease dynamics in complex and multifaceted ways. Changes in biodiversity can have several outcomes on disease risk, including dilution and amplification effects, both of which can have a profound influence on the effects of disease in a community. The dilution effect occurs when biodiversity and disease risk are inversely related, whereas the amplification effect is a positive relationship between biodiversity and disease risk. We tested these effects with an emerging fungal pathogen of amphibians, Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis (Bd), which is responsible for catastrophic amphibian population declines and extinctions worldwide. Despite the rapid and continued spread of Bd, the influence of host diversity on Bd dynamics remains unknown. We experimentally manipulated host diversity and density in the presence of Bd and found a dilution effect where increased species richness reduced disease risk, even when accounting for changes in density. These results demonstrate the general importance of incorporating community structure into studies of disease dynamics and have implications for the effects of Bd in ecosystems that differ in biodiversity.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.