ArticleThe Journal of infectious diseases2011
Influenza virus induces bacterial and nonbacterial otitis media.
Article in The Journal of infectious diseases, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 30 papers.
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Who cites it
30 citing papers in PubMed, 49 citations in OpenAlex.
- Modulation of nasopharyngeal innate defenses by viral coinfection predisposes individuals to experimental pneumococcal carriage.Mucosal immunology · 2016Trial
- Type I interferon signaling in hematopoietic cells impairs neutrophil antibacterial function in the middle ear during viral co-infection.Cell reports. Medicine · 2026Article
- Disease burden associated with influenza activity at the population level.Epidemiology and infection · 2026Article
- Integrating multi-dimensional data to reveal the mechanisms and molecular targets of baikening granules for treatment of pediatric influenza.Frontiers in molecular biosciences · 2025Article
- Predominant Bacterial and Viral Otopathogens Identified Within the Respiratory Tract and Middle Ear of Urban Australian Children Experiencing Otitis Media Are Diversely Distributed.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2022Article
- Innate Immunity in the Middle Ear Mucosa.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2021Review
- Towards Understanding COVID-19: Molecular Insights, Co-infections, Associated Disorders, and Aging.Journal of Alzheimer's disease reports · 2021Article
- Direct interactions with influenza promote bacterial adherence during respiratory infections.Nature microbiology · 2019Article
- Nasal microbial composition and chronic otitis media with effusion: A case-control study.PloS one · 2019Article
- Panel 4: Report of the Microbiology Panel.Otolaryngology--head and neck surgery : official journal of American Academy of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery · 2017Review
- Novel Strategy To Protect against Influenza Virus-Induced Pneumococcal Disease without Interfering with Commensal Colonization.Infection and immunity · 2016Article
- Combination activity of neuraminidase inhibitor oseltamivir and α-tocopherol in influenza virus A (H3N2) infection in mice.Antiviral chemistry & chemotherapy · 2015Article
- Replication of type 5 adenovirus promotes middle ear infection by Streptococcus pneumoniae in the chinchilla model of otitis media.Pathogens and disease · 2015Article
- Influenza A virus alters pneumococcal nasal colonization and middle ear infection independently of phase variation.Infection and immunity · 2014Article
- The role of influenza in the severity and transmission of respiratory bacterial disease.The Lancet. Respiratory medicine · 2014Review
- Impact of 13-Valent Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccination on Streptococcus pneumoniae Carriage in Young Children in Massachusetts.Journal of the Pediatric Infectious Diseases Society · 2014Article
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- Secondary bacterial infections in influenza virus infection pathogenesis.Current topics in microbiology and immunology · 2014Review
- Antibodies mediate formation of neutrophil extracellular traps in the middle ear and facilitate secondary pneumococcal otitis media.Infection and immunity · 2014Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Otitis media (OM) is one of the most common childhood diseases. OM can arise when a viral infection enables bacteria to disseminate from the nasopharynx to the middle ear. Here, we provide the first infant murine model for disease. Mice coinfected with Streptococcus pneumoniae and influenza virus had high bacterial load in the middle ear, middle ear inflammation, and hearing loss. In contrast, mice colonized with S. pneumoniae alone had significantly less bacteria in the ear, minimal hearing loss, and no inflammation. Of interest, infection with influenza virus alone also caused some middle ear inflammation and hearing loss. Overall, this study provides a clinically relevant and easily accessible animal model to study the pathogenesis and prevention of OM. Moreover, we provide, to our knowledge, the first evidence that influenza virus alone causes middle ear inflammation in infant mice. This inflammation may then play an important role in the development of bacterial OM.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.