ArticleApplied and environmental microbiology2011
Expression of virulence factors by Staphylococcus aureus grown in serum.
Article in Applied and environmental microbiology, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 90 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
90 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 149 citations in OpenAlex.
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- Unleashing the biological potential of marine algal extracts against Staphylococcus aureus isolated from ready-to-eat beef products.Scientific reports · 2025Article
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- The power of DNA-encoded chemical libraries in the battle against drug-resistant bacteria.RSC advances · 2025Review
- Molecular characterization of Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus isolated in ready-to-eat food sold in supermarkets in Bobo-Dioulasso: case of charcuterie products.BMC infectious diseases · 2024Article
- Clinical and in vitro models identify distinct adaptations enhancing Staphylococcus aureus pathogenesis in human macrophages.PLoS pathogens · 2024Article
- The Balance between Protealysin and Its Substrate, the Outer Membrane Protein OmpX, RegulatesInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Immunoinformatic prediction to identifyVeterinary world · 2024Article
- The intricate link between membrane lipid structure and composition and membrane structural properties in bacterial membranes.Chemical science · 2024Review
- Bacterial Infections in Intensive Care Units: Epidemiological and Microbiological Aspects.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
30 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Staphylococcus aureus produces many virulence factors, including toxins, immune-modulatory factors, and exoenzymes. Previous studies involving the analysis of virulence expression were mainly performed by in vitro experiments using bacterial medium. However, when S. aureus infects a host, the bacterial growth conditions are quite different from those in a medium, which may be related to the different expression of virulence factors in the host. In this study, we investigated the expression of virulence factors in S. aureus grown in calf serum. The expression of many virulence factors, including hemolysins, enterotoxins, proteases, and iron acquisition factors, was significantly increased compared with that in bacterial medium. In addition, the expression of RNA III, a global regulon for virulence expression, was significantly increased. This effect was partially restored by the addition of 300 μM FeCl₃ into serum, suggesting that iron depletion is associated with the increased expression of virulence factors in serum. In chemically defined medium without iron, a similar effect was observed. In a mutant with agr inactivated grown in serum, the expression of RNA III, psm, and sec4 was not increased, while other factors were still induced in the mutant, suggesting that another regulatory factor(s) is involved. In addition, we found that serum albumin is a major factor for the capture of free iron to prevent the supply of iron to bacteria grown in serum. These results indicate that S. aureus expresses virulence factors in adaptation to the host environment.
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