ArticleThe Knee2012
Decellularization of bovine anterior cruciate ligament tissues minimizes immunogenic reactions to alpha-gal epitopes by human peripheral blood mononuclear cells.
Article in The Knee, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers.
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Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed, 28 citations in OpenAlex.
- Application of decellularized tissue for soft-hard interregional regeneration.Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology · 2025Review
- Resolution of Pain and Predictors of Postoperative Opioid use after Bridge-Enhanced Anterior Cruciate Ligament Repair and Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction.Arthroscopy, sports medicine, and rehabilitation · 2020Article
- The Bridge-Enhanced Anterior Cruciate Ligament Repair (BEAR) Procedure: An Early Feasibility Cohort Study.Orthopaedic journal of sports medicine · 2016Article
- Increased platelet concentration does not improve functional graft healing in bio-enhanced ACL reconstruction.Knee surgery, sports traumatology, arthroscopy : official journal of the ESSKA · 2015Article
- The bioactivity of cartilage extracellular matrix in articular cartilage regeneration.Advanced healthcare materials · 2015Review
- Antigen removal for the production of biomechanically functional, xenogeneic tissue grafts.Journal of biomechanics · 2014Review
- Freeze-thaw cycles enhance decellularization of large tendons.Tissue engineering. Part C, Methods · 2014Article
- A comparison of three methods of decellularization of pig corneas to reduce immunogenicity.International journal of ophthalmology · 2014Article
- Combined decellularisation and dehydration improves the mechanical properties of tissue-engineered sinews.Journal of tissue engineering · 2014Article
- Hydrogels derived from demineralized and decellularized bone extracellular matrix.Acta biomaterialia · 2013Article
- Absence of immune responses with xenogeneic collagen and elastin.Tissue engineering. Part A · 2013Article
- Peripheral blood mononuclear cells enhance the anabolic effects of platelet-rich plasma on anterior cruciate ligament fibroblasts.Journal of orthopaedic research : official publication of the Orthopaedic Research Society · 2013Article
- Factors influencing the long-term behavior of extracellular matrix-derived scaffolds for musculoskeletal soft tissue repair.Journal of long-term effects of medical implants · 2012Review
- Decellularized tissue and cell-derived extracellular matrices as scaffolds for orthopaedic tissue engineering.Biotechnology advancesReview
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Rupture of ACL is a common injury. While the current surgical treatments are effective, many patients still suffer from precocious osteoarthritis, and there is an increasing interest in bioengineering approaches to improve ACL repair. Bovine collagen is a material currently in use for tissue engineering of ligaments. The alpha-gal epitopes found on bovine cells are a source of immunogenic stimulus for human cells. In this study, we wished to determine if those epitopes could be removed sufficiently to mitigate an immunogenic response using either a decellularization protocol or decellularization followed by alpha-galactosidase treatment. Bovine ACLs were treated with Triton-X, sodium deoxycholate, ribonuclease, and deoxyribonuclease to remove cells. A subset of the decellularized tissues was further treated with alpha-galactosidase. Human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were exposed to untreated, decellularized, and alpha-galactosidase-treated tissues, and PBMC migration and IL-6 release were measured. PBMCs were significantly more attracted to untreated ACL compared to decellularized or alpha-galactosidase-treated tissue, but no difference was seen between the two treatment groups. PBMCs also released significantly more IL-6 when exposed to untreated tissue compared to decellularized ACL or alpha-galactosidase-treated ACL, but no difference was seen between the two treatment groups. Immunohistochemistry using anti-alpha-gal antibody detected the epitopes throughout the untreated ACL, but similar areas of reaction were not seen on decellularized or alpha-galactosidase-treated ACL. These results suggest that our decellularization protocol minimizes the immunogenic reactions of human PBMCs to bovine ACL tissue. Therefore, decellularized bovine ACL tissue may be a safe, effective biomaterial for ACL injury treatments.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.