Evidence map›Paper›PMID 21925835›Full record

ReviewJournal of hand therapy : official journal of the American Society of Hand Therapists

Tendon biomechanics and mechanobiology--a minireview of basic concepts and recent advancements.

James H-C Wang, Qianping Guo, Bin Li

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Journal of hand therapy : official journal of the American Society of Hand Therapists. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 131 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
131citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
8.0field-weighted citation impact, top 2% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

131 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 328 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
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  3. Trial
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  5. Review
  6. Article
  7. Collagen III Deficiency Following Injury in Female Murine Tendons Alters Matrix Composition, Structure, Organization and Function.Journal of orthopaedic research : official publication of the Orthopaedic Research Society · 2026
    Article
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  20. Open Challenges and Opportunities in Piezoelectricity for Tissue Regeneration.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2025
    Review

71 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.

James H-C WangMechanoBiology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, USA. wanghc@pitt.edu
Qianping Guo
Bin Li
First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University · CNSoochow University · CNUniversity of Pittsburgh · US

Funding

Defining the role of tendon stem cells in the development of tendinopathyR01AR049921 · NIAMS · UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH AT PITTSBURGH · PI WANG, JAMES H-C. · 2002 to 2010
$2.8M
NIAMS NIH HHS AR049921NIAMS NIH HHS AR049921S2NIAMS NIH HHS R01 AR049921
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Due to their unique hierarchical structure and composition, tendons possess characteristic biomechanical properties, including high mechanical strength and viscoelasticity, which enable them to carry and transmit mechanical loads (muscular forces) effectively. Tendons are also mechanoresponsive by adaptively changing their structure and function in response to altered mechanical loading conditions. In general, mechanical loading at physiological levels is beneficial to tendons, but excessive loading or disuse of tendons is detrimental. This mechanoadaptability is due to the cells present in tendons. Tendon fibroblasts (tenocytes) are the dominant tendon cells responsible for tendon homeostasis and repair. Tendon stem cells (TSCs), which were recently discovered, also play a vital role in tendon maintenance and repair by virtue of their ability to self-renew and differentiate into tenocytes. TSCs may also be responsible for chronic tendon injury, or tendinopathy, by undergoing aberrant differentiation into nontenocytes in response to excessive mechanical loading. Thus, it is necessary to devise optimal rehabilitation protocols to enhance tendon healing while reducing scar tissue formation and tendon adhesions. Moreover, along with scaffolds that can mimic tendon matrix environments and platelet-rich plasma, which serves as a source of growth factors, TSCs may be the optimal cell type for enhancing repair of injured tendons.

Indexed as

AnimalsBiomechanical PhenomenaCollagenCumulative Trauma DisordersElasticityFibroblastsHumansStem CellsTendinopathyTendon InjuriesTendonsTensile StrengthWeight-BearingCollagen

Identifiers

PMID21925835
PMCPMC3244520
OpenAlexW2106112442

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.