ReviewJournal of interferon & cytokine research : the official journal of the International Society for Interferon and Cytokine Research2011
Interferon alpha as a primary pathogenic factor in human lupus.
Review in Journal of interferon & cytokine research : the official journal of the International Society for Interferon and Cytokine Research, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 97 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
97 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 150 citations in OpenAlex.
- Genetic variation near IRF8 is associated with serologic and cytokine profiles in systemic lupus erythematosus and multiple sclerosis.Genes and immunity · 2013Pooled it
- Population pharmacokinetic analysis of sifalimumab from a clinical phase IIb trial in systemic lupus erythematosus patients.British journal of clinical pharmacology · 2016Trial
- A distinct effector B cell population drives autoantibody production in SARS-CoV-2 infection.Immunity · 2026Article
- Anifrolumab in Refractory Discoid Lupus Erythematosus without Systemic Involvement: A Case Series of Five Patients.Acta dermato-venereologica · 2026Article
- Observational
- Cytotoxic T-Lymphocyte-Associated Protein 4 (CTLA-4): Between immune tolerance and genetic predisposition to Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE).Journal of translational autoimmunity · 2026Review
- Antioxidant Polymeric and Non-Polymeric Nanoformulations for the Treatment of Autoimmune Diseases.Current issues in molecular biology · 2026Review
- Idiopathic inflammatory myopathies lack neutralising autoantibodies to type- I, II and III interferons.RMD open · 2025Observational
- Analysis of Key Genes Related to Systemic Lupus Erythematosus and COVID-19.Combinatorial chemistry & high throughput screening · 2025Article
- Connecting the Dots: Exploring the Association Between Systemic Lupus Erythematosus and Thyroid Disorders.Cureus · 2024Review
- Occurrence and role of Tph cells in various renal diseases.Molecular medicine (Cambridge, Mass.) · 2024Review
- Assessment of the role of high-density lipoproteins and their immunomodulatory activity in systemic lupus erythematosus immunopathology.Lupus science & medicine · 2024Article
- Uncoupling interferons and the interferon signature explains clinical and transcriptional subsets in SLE.Cell reports. Medicine · 2024Article
- Risk Factors for Psoriasis Flares: A Narrative Review.Psoriasis (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2024Review
- Glucocorticoids, their uses, sexual dimorphisms, and diseases: new concepts, mechanisms, and discoveries.Physiological reviews · 2024Review
- Paradoxical psoriasis: The flip side of idiopathic psoriasis or an autocephalous reversible drug reaction?Journal of translational autoimmunity · 2023Article
- Bioinformatics and Connectivity Map Analysis Suggest Viral Infection as a Critical Causative Factor of Hashimoto's Thyroiditis.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- Dysregulation of immunity in COVID-19 and SLE.Inflammopharmacology · 2022Review
- Humoral and cellular response in convalescent COVID-19 lupus patients.Scientific reports · 2022Article
- The Screening of Therapeutic Peptides for Anti-Inflammation through Phage Display Technology.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Review
37 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
1 author at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Interferon alpha (IFN-α) is a critical mediator of human systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). This review will summarize evidence supporting the role for IFN-α in the initiation of human SLE. IFN-α functions in viral immunity at the interface of innate and adaptive immunity, a position well suited to setting thresholds for autoimmunity. Some individuals treated with IFN-α for chronic viral infections develop de novo SLE, which frequently resolves when IFN-α is withdrawn, supporting the idea that IFN-α was causal. Abnormally high IFN-α levels are clustered within SLE families, suggesting that high serum IFN-α is a heritable risk factor for SLE. Additionally, SLE-risk genetic variants in the IFN-α pathway are gain of function in nature, resulting in either higher circulating IFN-α levels or greater sensitivity to IFN-α signaling in SLE patients. A recent genome-wide association study has identified additional novel genetic loci associated with high serum IFN-α in SLE patients. These data support the idea that genetically determined endogenous elevations in IFN-α predispose to human SLE. It is possible that some of these gain-of-function polymorphisms in the IFN-α pathway are useful in viral defense, and that risk of SLE is a burden we have taken on in the fight to defend ourselves against viral infection.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.