Evidence map›Paper›PMID 21922272›Full record

ReviewMolecular neurobiology2011

Adaptation of mammalian photoreceptors to background light: putative role for direct modulation of phosphodiesterase.

Gordon L Fain

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Molecular neurobiology, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
17citing papers in PubMed
1.1field-weighted citation impact, top 28% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

17 citing papers in PubMed, 38 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. The Role of the CaThe Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience · 2025
    Article
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Reproducibility of the Rod Photoreceptor Response Depends Critically on the Concentration of the Phosphodiesterase Effector Enzyme.The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience · 2022
    Article
  6. Review
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Review
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. Adaptation to steady light by intrinsically photosensitive retinal ganglion cells.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2013
    Article
  15. Article
  16. Article
  17. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

1 author at 1 institution in 1 country.

Gordon L FainDepartment of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095-7239, USA. gfain@ucla.edu
University of California, Los Angeles · US

Funding

PHYSIOLOGY OF PHOTORECEPTORSR01EY001844 · NEI · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA LOS ANGELES · PI GORDON Lee FAIN · 1985 to 2026
$9.9M
NEI NIH HHS R01 EY001844NEI NIH HHS R01 EY01844
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

All sensory receptors adapt. As the mean level of light or sound or odor is altered, the sensitivity of the receptor is adjusted to permit the cell to function over as wide a range of ambient stimulation as possible. In a rod photoreceptor, adaptation to maintained background light produces a decrease (or "sag") in the response to the prolonged illumination, as well as an acceleration in response decay time and a Weber-Fechner-like decrease in sensitivity. Earlier work on salamander indicated that adaptation is controlled by the intracellular concentration of Ca(2+). Three Ca(2+)-dependent mechanisms were subsequently identified, namely, regulation of guanylyl cyclase, modulation of activated rhodopsin lifetime, and alteration of channel opening probability, with the contribution of the cyclase thought to be the most important. Later experiments on mouse that exploit the powerful techniques of molecular genetics have shown that cyclase does indeed play a significant role in mammalian rods, but that much of adaptation remains even when regulation of cyclase and both of the other proposed pathways have been genetically deleted. The identity of the missing mechanism or mechanisms is unclear, but recent speculation has focused on direct modulation of spontaneous and light-activated phosphodiesterase.

Indexed as

LightAdaptation, OcularAnimalsGuanylate CyclaseHumansPhosphoric Diester HydrolasesPhotic StimulationRetinal Rod Photoreceptor CellsRhodopsinVision, OcularGuanylate CyclasePhosphoric Diester HydrolasesRhodopsin

Identifiers

PMID21922272
PMCPMC3230732
OpenAlexW2088144784

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.