Evidence map›Paper›PMID 21922170›Full record

Trial reportPsychopharmacology2012

Characterizing smoking topography of cannabis in heavy users.

Erin A McClure, Maxine L Stitzer, Ryan Vandrey

Abstract readClinical Trial
In one paragraph

Trial report in Psychopharmacology, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 28 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
28citing papers in PubMed, 4 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

28 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

  1. Pharmacotherapies for cannabis use disorder.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2025
    Pooled it
  2. Cannabis Use and Car Crashes: A Review.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2021
    Pooled it
  3. Pharmacotherapies for cannabis dependence.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2019
    Pooled it
  4. Pharmacotherapies for cannabis dependence.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2014
    Pooled it
  5. Trial
  6. Trial
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. The Puzzle of Marijuana Use and Forced Vital Capacity.Annals of the American Thoracic Society · 2024
    Review
  13. Article
  14. Article
  15. Article
  16. Article
  17. Article
  18. Article
  19. Article
  20. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

Erin A McClureBehavioral Pharmacology Research Unit, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 5510 Nathan Shock Drive, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA. emcclur4@jhmi.edu
Maxine L Stitzer
Ryan Vandrey

Funding

HUMAN BEHAVIORAL PHARMACOLOGY OF SUBSTANCE ABUSET32DA007209 · NIDA · JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY · PI Eric C. Strain, Elise M Weerts · 1985 to 2026
$12.9M
Effects of Zolpidem Extended-Release on Withdrawal and Sleep in Cannabis UsersR21DA025794 · NIDA · JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY · PI VANDREY, RYAN G · 2008 to 2009
$451k
NIDA NIH HHS R21 DA025794NIDA NIH HHS R21-DA025794NIDA NIH HHS T32 DA007209NIDA NIH HHS T32-DA07209
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

rationaleLittle is known about the smoking topography characteristics of heavy cannabis users. Such measures may be able to predict cannabis use-related outcomes and could be used to validate self-reported measures of cannabis use.

objectivesThe current study was conducted to measure cannabis smoking topography characteristics during periods of ad libitum use and to correlate topography assessments with measures of self-reported cannabis use, withdrawal and craving during abstinence, and cognitive task performance.

methodsParticipants (N = 20) completed an inpatient study in which they alternated between periods of ad libitum cannabis use and abstinence. Measures of self-reported cannabis use, smoking topography, craving, withdrawal, and sleep measures were collected.

resultsParticipants smoked with greater intensity (e.g., greater volume, longer duration) on initial cigarette puffs with a steady decline on subsequent puffs. Smoking characteristics were significantly correlated with severity of withdrawal, notably sleep quality and architecture, and craving during abstinence, suggesting dose-related effects of cannabis use on these outcomes. Smoking characteristics generally were not significantly associated with cognitive performance. Smoking topography measures were significantly correlated with self-reported measures of cannabis use, indicating validity of these assessments, but topography measures were more sensitive than self-report in predicting cannabis-related outcomes.

conclusionsA dose-effect relationship between cannabis consumption and outcomes believed to be clinically important was observed. With additional research, smoking topography assessments may become a useful clinical tool.

Indexed as

Behavior, AddictiveAdolescentAdultCognitionDose-Response Relationship, DrugFemaleHumansMaleMarijuana AbuseMarijuana SmokingMiddle AgedPsychiatric Status Rating ScalesPsychomotor PerformanceSleepSubstance Withdrawal Syndrome

Identifiers

PMID21922170
PMCPMC3641906

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.