ArticleJournal of general internal medicine2012
Provision of contraceptive services to women with diabetes mellitus.
Article in Journal of general internal medicine, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 23 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
23 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 55 citations in OpenAlex.
- Beyond individual-level factors that influence family planning uptake among women with diabetes mellitus: a systematic literature review.BMC public health · 2025Pooled it
- Exploring the determinants of family planning practices among women with diabetes and no pregnancy intention in Malaysia: women's voices.Korean journal of family medicine · 2026Article
- Family planning behaviours among women with diabetes mellitus: a scoping review.European journal of medical research · 2024Article
- Contraindicated use of modern contraceptives among mothers from a Pelotas Birth Cohort.Revista de saude publica · 2024Article
- Reproductive decision making in women with medical comorbidities: a qualitative study.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2023Article
- Inadequate pregnancy planning in diabetics, and its impact on glycemic control and complications.Archives of gynecology and obstetrics · 2023Article
- Contraception in women with diabetes: adequacy of medical files registration and prescription - a cross-section study.Endocrine · 2023Article
- Comparative Effectiveness and Safety of Intrauterine Contraception and Tubal Ligation.Journal of general internal medicine · 2022Article
- Pattern of contraceptive use among reproductive-aged women with diabetes and/or hypertension: findings from Bangladesh Demographic and Health Survey.BMC women's health · 2022Article
- A model for building a national, patient-driven database to track contraceptive use in women with rare diseases.Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association : JAMIA · 2022Article
- A theoretical model of contraceptive decision-making and behaviour in diabetes: A qualitative application of the Health Belief Model.Diabetic medicine : a journal of the British Diabetic Association · 2021Article
- Periconception glycemic control and congenital anomalies in women with pregestational diabetes.BMJ open diabetes research & care · 2021Article
- Preconception Counseling, Contraceptive Counseling, and Long-Acting Reversible Contraception Use in Women with Type I Diabetes: A Retrospective Cohort Study.Women's health reports (New Rochelle, N.Y.) · 2020Article
- Contraceptive Use Among Women with Prediabetes and Diabetes in a US National Sample.Journal of midwifery & women's health · 2019Article
- Use of the Levonorgestrel Intrauterine Device in Women With Type 2 Diabetes.Clinical diabetes : a publication of the American Diabetes Association · 2018Article
- A Web-Based Decision Tool to Improve Contraceptive Counseling for Women With Chronic Medical Conditions: Protocol For a Mixed Methods Implementation Study.JMIR research protocols · 2018Article
- Medical contraindications to estrogen and contraceptive use among women veterans.American journal of obstetrics and gynecology · 2018Article
- Contraception for women with diabetes: challenges and solutions.Open access journal of contraception · 2016Review
- Contraceptive Use Among Women With Medical Conditions in a Nationwide Privately Insured Population.Obstetrics and gynecology · 2015Article
- Receipt of prescription contraception by commercially insured women with chronic medical conditions.Obstetrics and gynecology · 2014Observational
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundWomen with diabetes mellitus who delay pregnancy until glycemic control is achieved experience lower rates of adverse pregnancy outcomes.
objectiveTo compare rates of provision of contraceptive services among women with diabetes mellitus and women without chronic medical conditions.
designA retrospective cohort study of 459,181 women aged 15-44 who had continuous membership and pharmacy benefits in a managed care organization in Northern California between January 2006 and June 2007. Rates of documented provision of contraceptive counseling, prescriptions, and services were compared between women with diabetes and women without chronic medical conditions.
resultsAmong 8,182 women with diabetes and 122,921 women without any chronic conditions, women with diabetes were less likely than women without a chronic condition to have documented receipt of any contraceptive counseling, prescriptions, or services (47.8% vs 62.0%, p < 0.001). After controlling for age and race, women with diabetes were more likely to have undergone tubal sterilization compared to women without a chronic condition (OR = 1.41, 95% CI 1.30-1.54), but less likely to have received highly effective, reversible methods of contraception such as intrauterine contraception (OR = 0.68, 95% CI 0.61-0.75). In addition, more women with diabetes had undergone hysterectomy, which is rarely performed solely for contraceptive purposes.
conclusionsWomen with diabetes were less likely to receive highly effective reversible contraception and more likely to undergo sterilization procedures. Increasing the use of highly effective reversible contraceptives may help diabetic women who want to retain their fertility to delay pregnancy until glycemic control is achieved.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.